{
    "abstract": "Preterm birth is the main cause of morbidity and mortality during the perinatal period. Classical risk factors are held responsible for only 1/3 of preterm births and no current intervention has produced an appreciable reduction of this event. It is necessary to explore new hypotheses and mechanisms of causality by using an integrated approach, collaboration among research groups and less fragmented theoretical-methodological approaches in order to detect new risk factors and to formulate more effective intervention strategies.\nThe study will be conducted on a convenience cohort of Brazilian pregnant women recruited at public and private prenatal health services. A total of 1500 pregnant women in S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, and 1500 in Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, will be invited for an interview and for the collection of biological specimens from the 22nd to the 25th week of gestational age (GA). At the time of delivery they will be reinterviewed. GA will be determined using an algorithm based on two criteria: date of last menstruation (DLM) and obstetric ultrasound (OUS) performed at less than 20 weeks of GA. Illicit drug consumption during pregnancy will be determined using a self-applied questionnaire and the following instruments will be used: perceived stress scale, Beck anxiety scale, screening for depression of the Center of Epidemiological Studies (CES-D), experiences of racial discrimination, social network and social support scale of the Medical Outcomes Study and violence (Abuse Assessment Screening and violence questionnaire of the WHO). Bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infection and periodontal disease will also be identified. Neuroendocrine, immunoinflammatory and medical intervention hypotheses will be tested. The occurrence of elective cesarean section in the absence of labor will be used as a marker of medical intervention.\nPsychosocial, genetic and infectious mechanisms will be selected, since there are indications that they influence preterm birth (PTB). The studies will be conducted in two Brazilian cities with discrepant socioeconomic conditions. The expectation is to identify risk factors for PTB having a greater predictive power than classically studied factors. The final objective is to propose more effective interventions for the reduction of PTB, which, after being tested, might subsidize health policies.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Departamento de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal do Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), Rua Bar\u00e3o de Itapary, 155 Centro, 65020-070 S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, Maranh\u00e3o, Brasil. aasilva@ufma.br.",
            "firstname": "Ant\u00f4nio Augusto Moura",
            "initials": "AA",
            "lastname": "da Silva"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Vanda Maria Ferreira",
            "initials": "VM",
            "lastname": "Sim\u00f5es"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Marco Antonio",
            "initials": "MA",
            "lastname": "Barbieri"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Viviane Cunha",
            "initials": "VC",
            "lastname": "Cardoso"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Claudia Maria Coelho",
            "initials": "CM",
            "lastname": "Alves"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Erika B\u00e1rbara Abreu Fonseca",
            "initials": "EB",
            "lastname": "Thomaz"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Rejane Christine",
            "initials": "RC",
            "lastname": "de Sousa Queiroz"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Ricardo Carvalho",
            "initials": "RC",
            "lastname": "Cavalli"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Ros\u00e2ngela Fernandes Lucena",
            "initials": "RF",
            "lastname": "Batista"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Helo\u00edsa",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Bettiol"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Psychosocial, genetic and infectious mechanisms will be selected, since there are indications that they influence preterm birth (PTB). The studies will be conducted in two Brazilian cities with discrepant socioeconomic conditions. The expectation is to identify risk factors for PTB having a greater predictive power than classically studied factors. The final objective is to propose more effective interventions for the reduction of PTB, which, after being tested, might subsidize health policies.",
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1186/1742-4755-11-79\n10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60820-4\n10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61856-X\n10.1590/S0100-29452010005000012\n10.1001/jama.280.21.1849\n10.1053/sper.2002.34769\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2000.00222.x\n10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71042-4\n10.1186/1471-2393-10-S1-S2\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2000.00266.x\n10.1371/journal.pone.0052780\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00005.x\n10.1016/j.janxdis.2005.02.007\n10.2105/AJPH.2013.301688\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00013.x\n10.2105/AJPH.94.12.2125\n10.1097/EDE.0000000000000079\n10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.662\n10.2105/AJPH.2005.066316\n10.4103/0253-7176.130989\n10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00827.x\n10.1515/JPM.2007.039\n10.1016/j.ajog.2004.01.001\n10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.00024.x-i1\n10.1186/1471-2393-13-168\n10.1542/peds.2012-3769\n10.1097/00006842-200009000-00016\n10.1590/S0102-311X2005000300004\n10.1007/s10995-009-0508-8\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00012.x\n10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.003\n10.1155/2011/164654\n10.1093/ije/dyh101\n10.1590/S0100-879X2006000800007\n10.1002/uog.5225\n10.1016/0277-9536(90)90307-E\n10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.03.006\n10.1590/S1415-790X2005000400017\n10.1590/S0102-311X2001000400022\n10.3109/00016356408993968\n10.3109/00016356309011240\n10.1902/jop.2002.73.7.762\n10.1111/j.1834-7819.2009.01140.x\n10.1902/jop.2007.060264\n10.1186/1471-2458-11-558\n10.1067/mob.2000.105440\n10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00124.x\n10.1016/j.ajog.2004.07.017\n10.1128/IAI.70.12.6919-6925.2002\n10.1053/meta.2001.25598\n10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00003.x\n10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60108-7\n10.1186/1471-2393-10-S1-S3\n10.1053/j.semperi.2010.09.005",
    "journal": "Reproductive health",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2014-11-21",
    "pubmed_id": "25410690\n22682464\n23158883\n20305941\n9846780\n12211615\n10703032\n15752528\n20233383\n10949211\n23300774\n11520397\n16564437\n24354830\n12775946\n11520405\n15569964\n24681575\n16187853\n16809594\n24860221\n15902058\n16411989\n17343541\n15284722\n14723749\n24004573\n23400611\n11020102\n15868028\n19644741\n11520404\n8655158\n24096128\n22132334\n2927852\n15155702\n16906279\n11784902\n18348183\n2367873\n16005789\n11514869\n14158464\n14121956\n12146536\n24379855\n11253351\n19737262\n17608611\n23888541\n21752286\n10819832\n1706728\n15104603\n15695989\n12438370\n11555839\n11520395\n18191687\n20233384\n21094415",
    "results": null,
    "title": "A protocol to identify non-classical risk factors for preterm births: the Brazilian Ribeir\u00e3o Preto and S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds prenatal cohort (BRISA).",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788506e04720>"
}