{
    "abstract": "The computed tomography-assisted 3D navigation system is a useful tool for spinal surgeons, enabling them to enhance the effectiveness and safety of surgical procedures by providing real-time three-dimensional information during decompression, resection, and instrumentation. Specific advantages of this navigation system include precise pedicle screw placement, the capability for immediate intraoperative correction, and execution of minimally invasive surgeries with reduced radiation exposure for the surgical team. Noteworthy disadvantages of this system are the relatively high implementation costs, the need for specific training, and limited accessibility to outpatient surgery centers. Currently, spinal navigation systems are constantly being upgraded with additional innovations, such as integration with robotics and improvement of the existing tools, which will ultimately lead to a better quality of life for patients and an improved experience for surgeons.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.",
            "firstname": "Ivo I",
            "initials": "II",
            "lastname": "Kehayov"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.",
            "firstname": "Borislav D",
            "initials": "BD",
            "lastname": "Kitov"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.",
            "firstname": "Polina M",
            "initials": "PM",
            "lastname": "Angelova"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.",
            "firstname": "Atanas N",
            "initials": "AN",
            "lastname": "Davarski"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
    "doi": "10.3897/folmed.67.e149171",
    "journal": "Folia medica",
    "keywords": [
        "navigation O-arm robotic-assisted surgery screw placement spine surgery"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-04-24",
    "pubmed_id": "40270153",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Computer tomography-assisted 3-dimensional navigation in spine surgery: a narrative review on safety, accuracy, efficacy and reduction of complications.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788506983650>"
}