{
    "abstract": "Antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) is associated with thromboembolism. There is scant evidence of a relationship between the aPL profile and serious adverse pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to assess whether aPL measurements during early pregnancy were useful in predicting a serious adverse pregnancy outcome. In this prospective study, we measured aPLs, including lupus anticoagulant (LA), IgG, IgM, IgA anticardiolipin antibody (aCL), IgG, IgM phosphatidylserine-dependent antiprothrombin antibody, and IgG kininogen-dependent antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibody (aPE) during the first trimester in a consecutive series of 1155 women. The 99 th percentile cut-off values in each aPL were determined using samples from 105 women who did not exhibit any pregnancy morbidity. We assessed the predictive risk of a serious adverse pregnancy outcome adjusted for confounding factors. We found that IgG aCL was associated with developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) (odds ratio 11.4, 95% CI 2.7-48); IgG aPE with PIH (8.3, 2.4-29), severe PIH (20.4, 4.5-91), and premature delivery (PD) (12.7, 3.1-50); and LA with PD (11.0, 2.8-44) and low birth weight (8.0, 2.1-31). The combinations of IgG aPE plus IgG aCL (17.5, 4.7-66.7) or IgG aPE plus LA (22.2, 5.4-909) measurements predicted severe PIH with 30.8% sensitivity and 99.2% specificity. We conclude that aPL measurements during early pregnancy may be useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcome.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku N15 W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. yhideto@med.hokudai.ac.jp",
            "firstname": "Hideto",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Yamada"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Tatsuya",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Atsumi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Gen",
            "initials": "G",
            "lastname": "Kobashi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Chikako",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Ota"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Emi H",
            "initials": "EH",
            "lastname": "Kato"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Noriko",
            "initials": "N",
            "lastname": "Tsuruga"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Kaori",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Ohta"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Shinsuke",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Yasuda"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Takao",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Koike"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": "Hisanori",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Minakami"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1016/j.jri.2008.11.001",
    "journal": "Journal of reproductive immunology",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2009-02-13",
    "pubmed_id": "19211151",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Antiphospholipid antibodies increase the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and adverse pregnancy outcomes.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788500d1bbf0>"
}