{
    "abstract": "To investigate the efficacy of combined immunosuppressive regimens of cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (TAC), or cyclophosphamide (CTX) combined with steroids in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).\nA total of 150 biopsy-proven IMN patients were divided into three groups: CTX, TAC, and CsA groups (50 cases each). Patients received a selected regimen for 48 weeks. The efficacy (remission rate, 24h urinary protein, and serum albumin and creatinine) and safety (adverse events) profiles of administered regimens were evaluated at 12, 24 and 48 weeks.\nAt 12 weeks, the response rates for CsA, TAC, and CTX groups were 14%, 50%, and 22%, respectively. This increased to 74%, 84%, and 82%, respectively at 48 weeks. During follow-up, 24h urinary protein significantly reduced from baseline in all regimens (P<0.05), while serum albumin increased in TAC and CTX groups after 12 weeks (P<0.05), and CsA group at 48 weeks (P<0.05). No significant changes in serum creatinine levels were noted in all three regimens (P>0.05). Safety was comparable in all groups, with lower respiratory tract infection being the most frequent adverse event.\nThe combined regimens (i.e., TAC, CsA, and CTX) are effective in the treatment of patients with IMN at 48 weeks, while TAC and CTX might be more beneficial in terms of shortened time to remission and increased complete response rate.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nephrology, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Jinjiang, Fujian, China.",
            "firstname": "Chen",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Ruo-Ji"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.",
            "firstname": "Xing",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Fang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.",
            "firstname": "Du",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Zhen-Shuang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatric, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Jinjiang, Fujian, China.",
            "firstname": "Zhang",
            "initials": "Z",
            "lastname": "Yu-Lin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nephrology, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Jinjiang, Fujian, China.",
            "firstname": "Zheng",
            "initials": "Z",
            "lastname": "Zi-Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China. Electronic address: linweiyuan_med@163.com.",
            "firstname": "Lin",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Wei-Yuan"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2021 Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Nefrolog\u00eda. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.11.008",
    "journal": "Nefrologia",
    "keywords": [
        "Adverse events",
        "Ciclofosfamida",
        "Ciclosporina",
        "Cyclophosphamide",
        "Cyclosporine",
        "Efficacy",
        "Eficacia",
        "Eventos adversos",
        "Idiopathic membranous nephropathy",
        "Nefropat\u00eda membranosa idiop\u00e1tica",
        "Tacrolimus",
        "Tacrolim\u00fas"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2022-11-20",
    "pubmed_id": "36402685",
    "results": "At 12 weeks, the response rates for CsA, TAC, and CTX groups were 14%, 50%, and 22%, respectively. This increased to 74%, 84%, and 82%, respectively at 48 weeks. During follow-up, 24h urinary protein significantly reduced from baseline in all regimens (P<0.05), while serum albumin increased in TAC and CTX groups after 12 weeks (P<0.05), and CsA group at 48 weeks (P<0.05). No significant changes in serum creatinine levels were noted in all three regimens (P>0.05). Safety was comparable in all groups, with lower respiratory tract infection being the most frequent adverse event.",
    "title": "Comparative efficacy of three regimens (cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and cyclophosphamide) combined with steroids for the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850379acf0>"
}