{
    "abstract": "Leisure, work, and sports activities that involve ascending to high altitudes (HA) are growing in popularity, yet they also pose the risk of developing acute mountain sickness (AMS). Despite the dynamic nature of AMS, its prevalence, clinical manifestations, and associated risks have still not to be comprehensively characterized.\nA total of 770 healthy males, ranging in age from 18 to 45\u2009years, were included in this study. The subjects were divided into two cohorts: a fast ascent cohort (\nAs diagnosed by the old LLS and new LLS, the incidence of AMS was 37.9 and 32.4% at 3650\u2009m, respectively, which decreased to 35.7 and 32.4% after further ascending to 4,400\u2009m in the fast ascent cohort; the incidence of AMS was 26.5 and 23.2% at 3650\u2009m, which increased to 44.5 and 42.3% after further ascending to 4,400\u2009m in the slow ascent cohort. Furthermore, there were noticeable disparities in the occurrence and progression of AMS-related symptoms among cohorts adhering to different ascent protocols. Specifically, fast ascent protocol posed a risk during the initial phase of the ascent, but transformed into a protective effect upon further ascent to a higher altitude.\nAscent protocol emerged as the pivotal influence on the prevalence of AMS and associated manifestations, demonstrating a transition from a risk factor during initial ascent to a protective factor following further ascent to higher altitudes. These findings suggest an innovative strategy for high-altitude expeditions and work endeavors, emphasizing the importance of a strategic plan for ascending to higher altitudes.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Quality Control, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.",
            "firstname": "Caitong",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Zhao"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Critical Care Medicine, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Dalian, China.",
            "firstname": "Xinyu",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Zhao"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Yan",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Ma"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Critical Care Medicine, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Dalian, China.",
            "firstname": "Yupeng",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Liu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.\nDepartment of Emergency, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Dalian, China.",
            "firstname": "Renzheng",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Chen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Dalian, China.",
            "firstname": "Lide",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Sha"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Ascent protocol emerged as the pivotal influence on the prevalence of AMS and associated manifestations, demonstrating a transition from a risk factor during initial ascent to a protective factor following further ascent to higher altitudes. These findings suggest an innovative strategy for high-altitude expeditions and work endeavors, emphasizing the importance of a strategic plan for ascending to higher altitudes.",
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2024 Zhao, Zhao, Ma, Liu, Chen and Sha.",
    "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2024.1472935\n10.1097/00005768-200212000-00005\n10.1038/s41572-024-00526-w\n10.1515/reveh-2021-0172\n10.1056/NEJMcp1214870\n10.1001/jama.2017.16192\n10.1089/ham.2017.0164\n10.1089/ham.2021.0031\n10.1097/JSM.0000000000000098\n10.1371/journal.pone.0276901\n10.1093/jtm/taad011\n10.1093/jtm/taab102\n10.1093/jtm/taz104\n10.1089/ham.2022.0037\n10.3390/ijms24021698\n10.3389/fphys.2024.1367642\n10.1007/s40279-023-01970-6\n10.1089/ham.2015.0022\n10.14814/phy2.15063\n10.1016/S0140-6736(76)91677-9\n10.1136/bmj.301.6756.853\n10.1089/ham.2021.0110\n10.1089/ham.2019.0123\n10.1007/s11916-015-0483-2\n10.1093/jtm/tav008\n10.1016/S0140-6736(79)90565-8\n10.1089/ham.2023.0043\n10.1136/bjsports-2013-092921\n10.1186/s40779-020-00264-6\n10.1093/ntr/ntv218\n10.1183/16000617.0096-2016\n10.1089/ham.2018.0048\n10.1089/ham.2009.1019\n10.1152/ajpregu.00633.2010",
    "journal": "Frontiers in public health",
    "keywords": [
        "acute mountain sickness",
        "ascent protocol",
        "clinical manifestations",
        "high altitude",
        "risk factor"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-12-06",
    "pubmed_id": "39639900\n12471292\n38902312\n35487499\n23758234\n29136449\n29583031\n34558963\n24751723\n36301827\n36694981\n34230961\n31897482\n38847053\n36675214\n38633296\n38082199\n26230550\n34713967\n62991\n2282425\n34905394\n32975448\n25795155\n26782126\n84194\n37870579\n24297836\n32718338\n26419295\n28143879\n30517038\n20367484\n21123763",
    "results": "As diagnosed by the old LLS and new LLS, the incidence of AMS was 37.9 and 32.4% at 3650\u2009m, respectively, which decreased to 35.7 and 32.4% after further ascending to 4,400\u2009m in the fast ascent cohort; the incidence of AMS was 26.5 and 23.2% at 3650\u2009m, which increased to 44.5 and 42.3% after further ascending to 4,400\u2009m in the slow ascent cohort. Furthermore, there were noticeable disparities in the occurrence and progression of AMS-related symptoms among cohorts adhering to different ascent protocols. Specifically, fast ascent protocol posed a risk during the initial phase of the ascent, but transformed into a protective effect upon further ascent to a higher altitude.",
    "title": "Dynamics in the prevalence and clinical manifestations of acute mountain sickness of different ascent protocols during high altitudes exposure.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788506b6a930>"
}