{
    "abstract": "To investigate the association between antim\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) and preterm birth risk in a larger cohort of patients who underwent either in\u00a0vitro fertilization or ovulation induction with intrauterine insemination at a US academic fertility center.\nRetrospective cohort study.\nSingle academic fertility center.\nLive singleton births from patients who underwent in\u00a0vitro fertilization or ovulation induction between 2016 and 2020 at a single academic fertility center were included in this study. Patients were excluded if they had a missing prepregnancy AMH level, a pregnancy using donor oocytes or a gestational carrier, multiple gestations, a delivery before 20 weeks gestation, or a cerclage in place.\nAMH level.\nThe primary outcome was the proportion of preterm delivery. Secondary outcomes included the rate of pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, and small for gestational age.\nIn the entire cohort (n = 875), 8.4% of deliveries were preterm. The mean AMH values were similar between those with term and preterm births (3.9 vs. 4.2 ng/mL). Similar proportions of patients with term and preterm deliveries had AMH levels greater than the 75th percentile (25% vs. 21%). The odds of preterm birth were similar by AMH quartile after adjusting for the history of preterm birth. Similarly, in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cohort, there was no difference between mean AMH values of term and preterm births (n = 139, 9.6 vs. 10.0 ng/mL). The proportions of patients with PCOS with AMH levels greater than the 75th percentile were similar between those with term and preterm deliveries (25% vs. 22%). The odds of preterm birth were similar by the AMH quartile after adjusting for the history of preterm birth.\nElevated AMH levels were not associated with an increased risk of preterm birth in patients who conceived after in\u00a0vitro fertilization and ovulation induction, including patients with PCOS. Although studies suggest that AMH levels may help stratify the risk of preterm birth in this population, our findings indicate that further studies are needed before clinical application.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: anne.kim@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.",
            "firstname": "Anne E",
            "initials": "AE",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Reproductive Medical Associates of New Jersey, Marlton, New Jersey.",
            "firstname": "Michael K",
            "initials": "MK",
            "lastname": "Simoni"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reading Hospital, West Reading, Pennsylvania.",
            "firstname": "Ashni",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Nadgauda"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Women's Health Clinical Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.",
            "firstname": "Nathanael",
            "initials": "N",
            "lastname": "Koelper"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.",
            "firstname": "Anuja",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Dokras"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2023 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.011",
    "journal": "Fertility and sterility",
    "keywords": [
        "Antim\u00fcllerian hormone",
        "in\u00a0vitro fertilization",
        "ovulation induction",
        "preterm birth",
        "preterm delivery"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2023-07-27",
    "pubmed_id": "37495009",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Elevated antim\u00fcllerian hormone levels are not associated with preterm delivery after in\u00a0vitro fertilization or ovulation induction.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788505c90e50>"
}