{
    "abstract": "Is there an association between intrauterine haematoma (IUH) and pregnancy outcomes in patients who undergo fetal reduction after double embryo transfer (DET), and if so, what is the relationship between IUH-related characteristics and pregnancy outcomes?\nClinical information and pregnancy outcomes of women who underwent fetal reduction after DET were analysed. Patients with other systematic diseases, ectopic pregnancy or heterotopic pregnancy, monochorionic twin pregnancies and incomplete data were excluded. Stratification of IUH pregnancies was undertaken based on IUH-related characteristics. The main outcome was incidence of fetal demise (<24 weeks), with other adverse pregnancy outcomes considered as secondary outcomes.\nThirty-four IUH patients and 136 non-IUH patients who underwent fetal reduction after DET were included based on a 1:4 match for age, cycle type and fertilization method. IUH patients had a higher incidence of early fetal demise (20.6% versus 7.4%, P\u202f=\u202f0.048), threatened abortion (48.1% versus 10.3%, P<0.001) and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH; 14.8% versus 4.0%, P\u202f=\u202f0.043) compared with non-IUH patients. IUH was an independent risk factor for early fetal demise [adjusted OR (aOR) 3.34, 95% CI 1.14-9.77] and threatened abortion (aOR 8.61, 95% CI 3.28-22.61) after adjusting for potential confounders. IUH pregnancies undergoing fetal reduction that resulted in miscarriage had larger IUH volumes and earlier diagnosis (both P < 0.03). However, IUH characteristics (i.e. volume, changing pattern, presence or absence of cardiac activity) were not associated with threatened abortion or PPH.\nFetal reduction should be performed with caution in IUH pregnancies after DET as the risk of fetal demise is relatively high. Particular attention should be given to IUH patients with early signs of threatened abortion and inevitable fetal demise.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Yimeng",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Ge"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.",
            "firstname": "Shaoyang",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Lai"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Jing",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Shi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.",
            "firstname": "Xin",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Xiaoxue",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Research Centre of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Hongling",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Chu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.",
            "firstname": "Kailun",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Hu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China. Electronic address: roseli001@sina.com.",
            "firstname": "Rong",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China. Electronic address: 2358044941@qq.com.",
            "firstname": "Jie",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Zhao"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2023 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103644",
    "journal": "Reproductive biomedicine online",
    "keywords": [
        "Double embryo transfer",
        "Fetal demise",
        "Fetal reduction",
        "Intrauterine haematoma"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-01-13",
    "pubmed_id": "38215685",
    "results": "Thirty-four IUH patients and 136 non-IUH patients who underwent fetal reduction after DET were included based on a 1:4 match for age, cycle type and fertilization method. IUH patients had a higher incidence of early fetal demise (20.6% versus 7.4%, P\u202f=\u202f0.048), threatened abortion (48.1% versus 10.3%, P<0.001) and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH; 14.8% versus 4.0%, P\u202f=\u202f0.043) compared with non-IUH patients. IUH was an independent risk factor for early fetal demise [adjusted OR (aOR) 3.34, 95% CI 1.14-9.77] and threatened abortion (aOR 8.61, 95% CI 3.28-22.61) after adjusting for potential confounders. IUH pregnancies undergoing fetal reduction that resulted in miscarriage had larger IUH volumes and earlier diagnosis (both P < 0.03). However, IUH characteristics (i.e. volume, changing pattern, presence or absence of cardiac activity) were not associated with threatened abortion or PPH.",
    "title": "Pregnancy outcomes of fetal reduction in patients with intrauterine haematoma following double embryo transfer.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788501d800e0>"
}