{
    "abstract": "There has been limited research on the lasting impact of giving birth on both mothers and infants. This study aimed to investigate women's memories of their childbirth experience 4 months and 4 years after giving birth. Additionally, it aimed to examine how the childbirth experience is linked to women's mental health, sexual satisfaction, exclusive breastfeeding, and the type of subsequent birth.\nIn this prospective cohort study, a total of 580 women giving birth in Tabriz hospitals in 2018 were followed up for 4 years. The data were collected using a childbirth experience questionnaire, a mental health inventory, and a sexual satisfaction scale for women, and were analyzed by a Pearson correlation test, an independent samples t-test, and a general linear model.\nThe total scores of the childbirth experience in two short-term (4 months) and long-term (4 years) time points following the birth had a significant and strong correlation with each other (r\u2009=\u2009.51; p\u2009<\u2009.001). After adjusting for the effects of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, sexual satisfaction had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p\u2009<\u2009.001) and postpartum complications (p\u2009<\u2009.001). In addition, mental health had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p\u2009<\u2009.001), postpartum complications (p\u2009<\u2009.001), and low income (p\u2009=\u2009.004).\nEven 4 years after giving birth, women have a clear recall of their childbirth experience. This experience has a significant association with long-term outcomes such as sexual satisfaction, mental health, exclusive breastfeeding, and subsequent birth type.\nChildbearing is a significant event in a mother\u2019s life. Women often remember the births of their babies distinctly, even after many years. However, some mothers do not perceive this life event as a positive one. Factors affecting this perception are multidimensional and may include demographic variables and obstetric events (e.g., immediate postpartum complications like hemorrhage), which contribute to negative childbirth experiences. It\u2019s important to note that women who feel unsupported or lack control during labour and childbirth are more likely to have negative birth experiences. Although a birth experience is influenced by various factors, this can have serious consequences, such as mental health problems, disrupted mother-infant bonding, and reluctance to have subsequent pregnancies or initiate or continue breastfeeding. Therefore, this study mainly aimed to investigate women\u2019s recollection of their childbirth experience at 4 months and 4 years after giving birth, as well as examine the correlation of childbirth experience with women\u2019s mental health, sexual satisfaction, exclusive breastfeeding, inclination to have children, and the type of next birth 4 years after the childbirth.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Jila",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Nahaee"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Mansour",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Rezaie"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Elham",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Abdoli"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Mojgan",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Mirghafourvand"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. homayisolmaz@gmail.com.",
            "firstname": "Solmaz",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Ghanbari-Homaie"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Mina",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Jafarzadeh"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2024. The Author(s).\n\u00a9 2024. The Author(s).",
    "doi": "10.1186/s12978-024-01819-9\n10.1097/01.NNR.0000313494.87282.90\n10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.02.006\n10.1016/j.srhc.2014.09.010\n10.1055/s-0031-1274508\n10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00223.x\n10.1111/j.1523-536X.1985.tb00954.x\n10.1016/j.wombi.2016.02.003\n10.1080/13548500600708409\n10.3390/ijerph181910458\n10.1186/s12888-021-03158-6\n10.1016/S0887-6185(97)00041-8\n10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06067.x\n10.1080/01443610600903701\n10.1080/20008066.2022.2157481\n10.1016/j.srhc.2010.11.003\n10.1080/02646838.2021.1913488\n10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.03.025\n10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01200.x\n10.1111/1471-0528.13359\n10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.08.047\n10.1186/s12884-020-03525-3\n10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00225.x\n10.1177/08445621221089475\n10.2174/1573404816999200930161803\n10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042340\n10.1080/02646838.2020.1748582\n10.1186/s12884-019-2333-4\n10.1037/0022-006X.51.5.730\n10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.277\n10.1186/1471-2393-10-81\n10.1186/s12884-019-2606-y\n10.1186/1471-2393-14-221\n10.1186/s12884-017-1356-y\n10.1111/jan.13534\n10.1111/aogs.12306\n10.1080/1354850031000087537\n10.1111/j.1475-6811.2012.01402.x\n10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00357.x\n10.1186/s12884-017-1259-y\n10.1080/02646838.2020.1792429\n10.1016/j.apnu.2014.04.001",
    "journal": "Reproductive health",
    "keywords": [
        "Birth satisfaction",
        "Mental health",
        "Reproduction",
        "Sexual health"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-05-31",
    "pubmed_id": "38816741\n30070803\n18641491\n27020073\n25433832\n21380993\n18507581\n3850747\n27038559\n17129916\n34639758\n33726703\n9455721\n22765355\n23358694\n17071432\n37052080\n21439526\n33843380\n29604504\n11950179\n25825045\n16191460\n33407245\n18507583\n24669516\n35389289\n33827832\n32475156\n31117987\n6630688\n21143961\n31801477\n24996683\n36819747\n28662645\n29394456\n24266603\n16324063\n28270116\n32673072\n25017559",
    "results": "The total scores of the childbirth experience in two short-term (4 months) and long-term (4 years) time points following the birth had a significant and strong correlation with each other (r\u2009=\u2009.51; p\u2009<\u2009.001). After adjusting for the effects of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, sexual satisfaction had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p\u2009<\u2009.001) and postpartum complications (p\u2009<\u2009.001). In addition, mental health had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p\u2009<\u2009.001), postpartum complications (p\u2009<\u2009.001), and low income (p\u2009=\u2009.004).",
    "title": "Association of childbirth experience with long-term psychological outcomes: a prospective cohort study.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x7885058039c0>"
}