{
    "abstract": "Preschool children who received sevoflurane anaesthesia were associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation (EA). Studies have shown that a subanaesthetic dose of propofol (1 mg/kg) at the end of inhalational anaesthesia could reduce EA in paediatric patients, but the optimal administrations are still under investigation.\nIn a double-blind trial, 160 preschool children (ASA I or II, 2-5 years old) undergoing day surgery of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with sevoflurane anaesthesia were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, single bolus 3\u2009min before the end of the surgery (bolus A), single bolus at the end of the surgery (bolus B) and continuous infusion for 3\u2009min at the end of the surgery (continuous infusion). The dose of propofol in the bolus A group, bolus B group and continued infusion group is 1 mg/kg. The primary outcomes were the incidence and severity of EA assessed by the Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale and Watcha scales. The secondary outcomes included extubation time, emergence time, mean arterial pressure and heart rate.\nThe incidence of EA was as follows: 65.0% in the control group, 30.0% in the bolus A group, 32.5% in the bolus B group and 5.0% in the continuous infusion group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the peak PAED scores in the continuous infusion group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. However, extubation time and emergence time showed no differences among groups.\nContinuous infusion of subanaesthetic dose propofol (1 mg/kg) for 3\u2009min at the end of sevoflurane anaesthesia seems to be more appropriate than other administration as it reduced EA and did not prolong the time to wake.\nNCT05420402.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.\nDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Paediatrics Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Jiaxiang",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Chen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Xiaoli",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Shi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.\nShenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Wei",
            "initials": "W",
            "lastname": "Hu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University(Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Rongmu",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Lin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Ligang",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Meng"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Changsheng",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Liang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
            "firstname": "Xinggang",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Ma"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anaesthesiology, Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China leonnel@msn.com.",
            "firstname": "Liang",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Xu"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.",
    "doi": "10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002376\n10.3389/fped.2021.658047\n10.1186/s12871-017-0446-8\n10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03876.x\n10.3389/fphar.2022.648802\n10.1111/pan.13397\n10.1093/bja/aep376\n10.1111/j.1460-9592.2007.02376.x\n10.4097/kjae.2010.59.2.75\n10.1186/s42077-022-00270-x\n10.1111/pan.12617\n10.4097/kja.d.18.00345\n10.1111/anae.14639\n10.1097/00000542-200405000-00015\n10.1007/BF03008224\n10.4097/kjae.2011.60.2.73\n10.1097/00000539-200009000-00012\n10.1097/01.anes.0000291453.78823.f4\n10.1097/ALN.0b013e31826be417\n10.1097/ALN.0b013e318273e272\n10.1007/s40263-015-0259-6\n10.1186/s13063-022-06687-x\n10.1007/s00540-023-03201-8\n10.1177/0310057X1103900516\n10.1007/s40262-018-0672-3\n10.1111/j.1460-9592.2010.03328.x",
    "journal": "BMJ paediatrics open",
    "keywords": [
        "Anesthesia",
        "Pharmacology"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-03-17",
    "pubmed_id": "40090678\n34660472\n29166854\n22553919\n35185554\n29752853\n20047899\n18095967\n20740210\n25586124\n30841030\n30963557\n15114210\n1394752\n21390159\n10960377\n18043068\n22929729\n23103557\n26290263\n36042484\n37188963\n21970137\n30019172\n20497353",
    "results": "The incidence of EA was as follows: 65.0% in the control group, 30.0% in the bolus A group, 32.5% in the bolus B group and 5.0% in the continuous infusion group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the peak PAED scores in the continuous infusion group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. However, extubation time and emergence time showed no differences among groups.",
    "title": "Comparing different administration methods of subanaesthetic propofol to mitigate emergence agitation in preschool children undergoing day surgery: a double-blind, randomised controlled study.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503ac7560>"
}