{
    "abstract": "Cryptococcosis is a disease originating in the lungs, often seen in immunosuppressed patients. In severe cases, it can lead to meningoencephalitis and can be fatal. Biochemical studies have shown that the capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans is predominantly composed of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), with glucuronoxylomannogalactan (GXMGal) present in smaller amounts. These polysaccharides have different effects on the immune system, with GXM mainly having anti-inflammatory properties, while GXMGal is more pro-inflammatory. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a diverse group of immature myeloid cells, including progenitor cells and precursors of macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells at different stages of development. MDSCs are known to suppress immune responses in various diseases, including bacterial and fungal infections, through mechanisms such as the inhibition of T cell proliferation. In this study, we show that infection with either B3501 or CAP67 strains results in the accumulation of granulocytic MDSC precursors in bronchoalveolar cavities. The MDSCs recruited by the B3501 strain suppress T cell proliferation, while those recruited by the CAP67 strain do not. Furthermore, we observed the expression of PD-L1 on these MDSCs, suggesting a potential mechanism of immunosuppression during infection. These findings reveal how the polysaccharides of C. neoformans might weaken the host's immune defense.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Joyce C",
            "initials": "JC",
            "lastname": "Guimar\u00e3es-DE-Oliveira"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Israel",
            "initials": "I",
            "lastname": "Diniz-Lima"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Id\u00e1lia M",
            "initials": "IM",
            "lastname": "Ferreira-Dos-Santos"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Elias B DA",
            "initials": "EBD",
            "lastname": "Silva-Junior"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.\nUniversidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, N\u00facleo de Doen\u00e7as Infecciosas, Avenida Marechal Campos, 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105 Vit\u00f3ria, ES, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Luciana P",
            "initials": "LP",
            "lastname": "Covre"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Matheus",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Freire-DE-Lima"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.\nUniversidade Castelo Branco, Curso de Medicina, Avenida de Santa Cruz, 1631, 21710-255 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Leonardo M DA",
            "initials": "LMD",
            "lastname": "Fonseca"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.\nUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Alexandre",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Morrot"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Leonardo",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Freire-DE-Lima"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Lucia",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Mendon\u00e7a-Previato"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Jose O",
            "initials": "JO",
            "lastname": "Previato"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.\nUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Goes, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Herbert L DE Matos",
            "initials": "HLM",
            "lastname": "Guedes"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, BR 465, Km 07, 23890-000 Serop\u00e9dica, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Debora",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Decote-Ricardo"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Celio Geraldo",
            "initials": "CG",
            "lastname": "Freire-DE-Lima"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1590/0001-3765202520240985",
    "journal": "Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-04-17",
    "pubmed_id": "40243766",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Recruitment of Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells During Cryptococcus neoformans Infection.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x7885030beb10>"
}