{
    "abstract": "To investigate rates of adverse pregnancy events associated with the use of percutaneous nephrostomy tubes (PCN) versus ureteral stents in the treatment of nephrolithiasis during pregnancy.\nWe queried the TriNetX Diamond Network database to evaluate pregnant women (ICD-10 Z34, O09) with a history of nephrolithiasis (N20-23) who underwent a PCN (CPT 50432) or ureteral stent (52332) placement up to 6\u00a0months before delivery (O80-82). We controlled for the following potentially confounding variables through propensity score matching: age, race, ethnicity, acute pyelonephritis (N10), infections of the genitourinary tract in pregnancy (O23.0), and other sepsis (A41) at the time of stent or PCN placement.\nWe identified 2,999 pregnant women who underwent ureteral stent placement and 321 who underwent PCN. Following propensity score matching, we found there to be no significant difference in the rate of premature labor or delivery (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.735-1.588), premature rupture of membranes (0.889, 0.453-1.743), intrauterine infection (0.906, 0.379-2.165), or c-Sect.\u00a0(0.825, 0.408-1.667). Within 6\u00a0months of their initial procedure, women with a ureteral stent experienced a significantly decreased rate of subsequent urinary tract infection (UTI) or pyelonephritis (0.52, 0.38-0.71), inpatient hospital stay (0.40, 0.26-0.64), emergency department visit (0.65, 0.48-0.89), and repeat exchange procedure (0.70, 0.51-0.96).\nIn the treatment of nephrolithiasis during pregnancy, PCN versus ureteral stent placement does not confer a significant difference in rates of adverse pregnancy events. However, ureteral stent placement was associated with a lower incidence of hospital admissions, emergency department visits, exchange procedures, and new UTIs or pyelonephritis.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Matthew M",
            "initials": "MM",
            "lastname": "Mason"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Sirpi",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Nackeeran"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.",
            "firstname": "Soum",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Lokeshwar"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Marisa R",
            "initials": "MR",
            "lastname": "Carino Mason"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.",
            "firstname": "Taylor",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Kohn"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Urology, Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Room 1560, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.",
            "firstname": "Hemendra N",
            "initials": "HN",
            "lastname": "Shah"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Urology, Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Room 1560, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. ramasamy@miami.edu.",
            "firstname": "Ranjith",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Ramasamy"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "In the treatment of nephrolithiasis during pregnancy, PCN versus ureteral stent placement does not confer a significant difference in rates of adverse pregnancy events. However, ureteral stent placement was associated with a lower incidence of hospital admissions, emergency department visits, exchange procedures, and new UTIs or pyelonephritis.",
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",
    "doi": "10.1007/s00345-022-04111-2\n10.2147/IJWH.S51416\n10.1007/s00345-011-0719-7\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000259941.90919.c0\n10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.01.008\n10.5173/ceju.2017.754\n10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.097\n10.1016/j.juro.2016.05.090\n10.1007/s00240-018-1085-3\n10.1016/s1051-0443(94)71470-6\n10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50324-9\n10.1016/j.juro.2008.09.029\n10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2566\n10.2214/ajr.158.1.1727366\n10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62511-4\n10.1016/s0022-5347(17)36917-3\n10.1016/j.juro.2011.07.103\n10.1097/01.RVI.0000140639.57131.6D\n10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.094\n10.1016/j.urology.2014.07.007\n10.1016/j.urology.2009.03.054\n10.1016/0090-4295(93)90614-g\n10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00822.x",
    "journal": "World journal of urology",
    "keywords": [
        "Database",
        "Nephrolithiasis",
        "Pregnancy",
        "Stent"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2022-08-01",
    "pubmed_id": "35909212\n24109196\n21691721\n17470589\n33867205\n32866511\n27238616\n30368572\n8136591\n3207330\n6699952\n19012926\n22591961\n1727366\n9751331\n1433534\n22014825\n15590807\n23164390\n25281523\n19660792\n8379026\n18756617",
    "results": "We identified 2,999 pregnant women who underwent ureteral stent placement and 321 who underwent PCN. Following propensity score matching, we found there to be no significant difference in the rate of premature labor or delivery (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.735-1.588), premature rupture of membranes (0.889, 0.453-1.743), intrauterine infection (0.906, 0.379-2.165), or c-Sect.\u00a0(0.825, 0.408-1.667). Within 6\u00a0months of their initial procedure, women with a ureteral stent experienced a significantly decreased rate of subsequent urinary tract infection (UTI) or pyelonephritis (0.52, 0.38-0.71), inpatient hospital stay (0.40, 0.26-0.64), emergency department visit (0.65, 0.48-0.89), and repeat exchange procedure (0.70, 0.51-0.96).",
    "title": "A comparison of adverse pregnancy events between ureteral stents and percutaneous nephrostomy tubes in the treatment of nephrolithiasis during pregnancy: A propensity score-matched analysis of a large multi-institutional research network.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788502f4f970>"
}