{
    "abstract": "Ischemic heart disease (IHD) during pregnancy poses a rare but significant risk to maternal and fetal health, with global incidence rates ranging from 0.7 to 10 cases per 100,000 pregnancies. This review synthesizes current literature on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of IHD in pregnancy. Pregnancy-related IHD encompasses various conditions, including coronary artery disease, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries, coronary embolism, and coronary vasospasm. The pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving hemodynamic changes, hormonal influences, and increased hypercoagulability. Clinical presentation may mimic typical pregnancy symptoms, necessitating a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis. A multidisciplinary strategy is needed for management, taking into account the hazards to the mother and fetus while also taking drug safety and procedural treatments such coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention into account. Careful observation and timely management are necessary for complications such as cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events following myocardial infarction. With advancements in treatment techniques and early discovery, the prognosis has improved, although maternal mortality is still a worry. For the purpose of improving results and directing future research endeavors, knowledge and comprehension of IHD during pregnancy are essential.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "From the Department of Public Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.",
            "firstname": "Ritu Chandra Prakash",
            "initials": "RCP",
            "lastname": "Tated"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "From the Department of Public Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.",
            "firstname": "Darshilkumar",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Maheta"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, New York Medical College/Landmark Medical Center, Woonsocket, RI.",
            "firstname": "Siddharth Pravin",
            "initials": "SP",
            "lastname": "Agrawal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.",
            "firstname": "William H",
            "initials": "WH",
            "lastname": "Frishman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.",
            "firstname": "Wilbert S",
            "initials": "WS",
            "lastname": "Aronow"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1097/CRD.0000000000000774",
    "journal": "Cardiology in review",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-08-14",
    "pubmed_id": "39140736",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Ischemic Heart Disease in Pregnancy: Current Understanding and Management Strategies.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850210f650>"
}