{
    "abstract": "The purpose of this article is to analyze in detail the advantages and disadvantages of sperm cryopreservation, focusing on the cellular and molecular changes that occur during these processes. The main issue is the cellular damage caused by ice crystal formation and osmotic imbalance, along with other secondary effects such as sperm motility and viability, as well as the acrosome reaction or oxidative stress. Another important aspect is the examination of how chromatin structure and DNA integrity affect sperm. Biochemical changes affecting enzyme activity and protein stability have also been analyzed. Finally, the article highlights emerging technologies aimed at reducing the damage caused by sperm cryopreservation, as well as the potential benefits of biobanks as an essential resource for addressing male infertility.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Centro de Fertilidad, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico. Electronic address: dr_gongora@outlook.com.",
            "firstname": "Alfredo",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "G\u00f3ngora"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School Beech Hill Road, UK.",
            "firstname": "William V",
            "initials": "WV",
            "lastname": "Holt"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Biology, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Jaime",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Gos\u00e1lvez"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2024 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103130",
    "journal": "Archives of medical research",
    "keywords": [
        "Assisted reproductive technology (art)",
        "Fertility preservation",
        "Gamete preservation",
        "Human sperm storage",
        "Reproductive medicine",
        "Sperm cryopreservation"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-11-27",
    "pubmed_id": "39591884",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Sperm Human Biobanking: An Overview.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850438bce0>"
}