{
    "abstract": "",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Joris A J",
            "initials": "JAJ",
            "lastname": "Osinga"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Yindi",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Liu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Northern Finland Laboratory Center Nordlab and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.",
            "firstname": "Tuija",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "M\u00e4nnist\u00f6"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Marina",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Vafeiadi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China.",
            "firstname": "Fang-Biao",
            "initials": "FB",
            "lastname": "Tao"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Bijay",
            "initials": "B",
            "lastname": "Vaidya"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Tanja G M",
            "initials": "TGM",
            "lastname": "Vrijkotte"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Departments of Endocrinology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.",
            "firstname": "Lorena",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Mosso"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Judit",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Bassols"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain.\nDepartament de Ci\u00e8ncies M\u00e8diques, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Abel",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "L\u00f3pez-Bermejo"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.",
            "firstname": "Laura",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Boucai"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Ashraf",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Aminorroaya"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.",
            "firstname": "Ulla",
            "initials": "U",
            "lastname": "Feldt-Rasmussen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.",
            "firstname": "Aya",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Hisada"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan.",
            "firstname": "Jun",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Yoshinaga"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, M\u00e1xima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Maarten A C",
            "initials": "MAC",
            "lastname": "Broeren"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.",
            "firstname": "Sachiko",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Itoh"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.",
            "firstname": "Reiko",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Kishi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Harris Birthright Research Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Ghalia",
            "initials": "G",
            "lastname": "Ashoor"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology and Rui'an Center of the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.",
            "firstname": "Liangmiao",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Chen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Endocrine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.",
            "firstname": "Flora",
            "initials": "F",
            "lastname": "Veltri"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology and Rui'an Center of the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.",
            "firstname": "Xuemian",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Lu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Thyroid Research Group, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Peter N",
            "initials": "PN",
            "lastname": "Taylor"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.",
            "firstname": "Suzanne J",
            "initials": "SJ",
            "lastname": "Brown"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.",
            "firstname": "Leda",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Chatzi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute of Endocrinology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.",
            "firstname": "Polina V",
            "initials": "PV",
            "lastname": "Popova"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology, First Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.",
            "firstname": "Elena N",
            "initials": "EN",
            "lastname": "Grineva"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Research and Innovation, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Farkhanda",
            "initials": "F",
            "lastname": "Ghafoor"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Amna",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Pirzada"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Maryam",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Kianpour"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Emily",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Oken"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.",
            "firstname": "Eila",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Suvanto"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Andrew",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Hattersley"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Valencia, Spain.\nPredepartamental Unit of Medicine, Jaume I University, Castell\u00f3, Spain.\nSpanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Marisa",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Rebagliato"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nInstituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.\nIUOPA-Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.\nServicio de Pediatr\u00eda, Endocrinolog\u00eda Pedi\u00e1trica, HUCA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Isolina",
            "initials": "I",
            "lastname": "Ria\u00f1o-Gal\u00e1n"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nBiodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, San Sebastian, Spain.\nDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Amaia",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Irizar"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.\nUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Martine",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Vrijheid"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Valencia, Spain.\nDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castell\u00f3n de la Plana, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Juana Maria",
            "initials": "JM",
            "lastname": "Delgado-Saborit"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nInstituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.\nIUOPA-Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Ana",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Fern\u00e1ndez-Somoano"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nBiodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, San Sebastian, Spain.\nDepartment of Health of the Basque Government, Subdirectorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Loreto",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Santa-Marina"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Kristien",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Boelaert"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Unidad Asistencial Dr. C\u00e9sar Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina.",
            "firstname": "Gabriela",
            "initials": "G",
            "lastname": "Brenta"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Tommys National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Rima",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Dhillon-Smith"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.",
            "firstname": "Chrysoula",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Dosiou"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Women and Infants Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.",
            "firstname": "Jennifer L",
            "initials": "JL",
            "lastname": "Eaton"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.",
            "firstname": "Haixia",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Guan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Sun Y",
            "initials": "SY",
            "lastname": "Lee"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.\nKnowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.\nEndocrine Section, Medicine Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.",
            "firstname": "Spyridoula",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Maraka"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrine Surgery, Johns Hopkins Department of Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.",
            "firstname": "Lilah F",
            "initials": "LF",
            "lastname": "Morris-Wiseman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.",
            "firstname": "Caroline T",
            "initials": "CT",
            "lastname": "Nguyen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.",
            "firstname": "Zhongyan",
            "initials": "Z",
            "lastname": "Shan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.\nISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.\nUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.\nDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "M\u00f2nica",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Guxens"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Victor J M",
            "initials": "VJM",
            "lastname": "Pop"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.\nMedical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.",
            "firstname": "John P",
            "initials": "JP",
            "lastname": "Walsh"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London, London, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Kypros H",
            "initials": "KH",
            "lastname": "Nicolaides"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mary E",
            "initials": "ME",
            "lastname": "D'Alton"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "W Edward",
            "initials": "WE",
            "lastname": "Visser"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Pharmacology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom.\nSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "David M",
            "initials": "DM",
            "lastname": "Carty"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Christian",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Delles"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.",
            "firstname": "Scott M",
            "initials": "SM",
            "lastname": "Nelson"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Endocrinology, Hypertension and Diabetes, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Erik K",
            "initials": "EK",
            "lastname": "Alexander"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Layal",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Chaker"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.",
            "firstname": "Glenn E",
            "initials": "GE",
            "lastname": "Palomaki"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Robin P",
            "initials": "RP",
            "lastname": "Peeters"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.",
            "firstname": "Sofie",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Bliddal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine; School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.",
            "firstname": "Kun",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Huang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Endocrine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.",
            "firstname": "Kris G",
            "initials": "KG",
            "lastname": "Poppe"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Elizabeth N",
            "initials": "EN",
            "lastname": "Pearce"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Arash",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Derakhshan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.\nAcademic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Tim I M",
            "initials": "TIM",
            "lastname": "Korevaar"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1089/thy.2023.0646",
    "journal": "Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association",
    "keywords": [
        "pregnancy",
        "risk factors",
        "screening",
        "thyroid",
        "thyroid function tests"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-03-28",
    "pubmed_id": "38546971\n20573783\n28056690\n25114871\n10451459\n37740543\n28414788\n26837268\n35255260\n22270283\n24449677\n36924297\n32445737\n25353960\n31429897\n25388918\n24684462\n29325223\n28249134\n29346569\n22316443\n27879326\n29126290\n16621910\n32443080\n29982605\n32236307\n30608533\n35366161\n31934560\n31856112\n28101493\n27661637\n27384268\n26273610\n23808881\n18238739\n17956157\n11872558\n35596568\n11836274\n10695693\n28618407\n31355704\n22511976\n22931855\n34574358\n7497141\n7501336\n22873201\n19141579\n18383133\n11834423\n32746748\n25963653\n9274703",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Risk Factors for Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x7885057ef790>"
}