{
    "abstract": "Mitochondrial fission and fusion both contribute to maintaining mitochondrial function and optimizing bioenergetic capacity.\nThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of aerobic and resistance training on mitochondrial fission and fusion markers in skeletal and cardiac muscles of Wistar rats.\n24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT) and control (CON). The MIIT and HIIT groups performed treadmill exercises with an intensity of 60-65% and 80-85% of the maximum speed, respectively, while the RT group performed resistance training with an intensity of 30-60% of the rat's body weight for 8 weeks. The soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and left ventricular tissues were used to evaluate markers of mitochondrial fission and fusion PGC-1\u03b1 (fusion/fission), Opa-1 (fusion), Fis-1 (fission), Drp-1 (fission), Mfn-1 and Mfn-2 (fusion) genes expression.\nIn all three tissues, a significant increase in some mitochondrial fusion markers was observed after 8 weeks of training (p\u2009=\u2009<\u20090.0001-0.0452). Furthermore, a significant decrease in cardiac mitochondrial fission markers was observed in all three groups (p\u2009=\u2009<\u20090.0001-0.0156). This reduction in some markers was evident in the SOL tissue of the HIIT group (p\u2009<\u20090.0001 for Drp-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0007 for Fis-1) and in the EDL tissue of the RT group (p\u2009=\u20090.0005 for Fis-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0012 for Drp-1). The mitochondrial fission/fusion markers in the heart (p\u2009=\u20090.0007-0.0449) and SOL (p\u2009=\u20090.0050-0.0258) tissues of the HIIT group had more changes than the RT group, while the mitochondrial fission markers in the EDL tissue of the RT group had a lower level than the HIIT (p\u2009=\u20090.0087 for Drp-1) and MIIT (p\u2009=\u20090.0130 for Fis-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0010 for Drp-1) groups.\nOur study demonstrated that HIIT, through better regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission than RT, improves mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac and SOL tissues.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran. ah.haghighi@hsu.ac.ir.",
            "firstname": "Amir Hossein",
            "initials": "AH",
            "lastname": "Haghighi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Mohammad Reza",
            "initials": "MR",
            "lastname": "Bandali"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Roya",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Askari"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran.",
            "firstname": "Hadi",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Shahrabadi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy.",
            "firstname": "Rosario",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Barone"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.",
            "firstname": "Roberto",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Bei"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.",
            "firstname": "Pasquale",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Farsetti"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.",
            "firstname": "Marco Alfonso",
            "initials": "MA",
            "lastname": "Perrone"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Our study demonstrated that HIIT, through better regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission than RT, improves mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac and SOL tissues.",
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2025. The Author(s).",
    "doi": "10.1186/s13018-025-05809-w",
    "journal": "Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research",
    "keywords": [
        "Exercise",
        "Mitochondrial dynamics",
        "Muscles",
        "Myocardium",
        "Rats"
    ],
    "methods": "24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT) and control (CON). The MIIT and HIIT groups performed treadmill exercises with an intensity of 60-65% and 80-85% of the maximum speed, respectively, while the RT group performed resistance training with an intensity of 30-60% of the rat's body weight for 8 weeks. The soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and left ventricular tissues were used to evaluate markers of mitochondrial fission and fusion PGC-1\u03b1 (fusion/fission), Opa-1 (fusion), Fis-1 (fission), Drp-1 (fission), Mfn-1 and Mfn-2 (fusion) genes expression.",
    "publication_date": "2025-04-19",
    "pubmed_id": "40251584\n37669960\n35021300\n31664033\n38463181\n38632223\n37237941\n22530000\n33433932\n32441024\n25446994\n36595699\n18980603\n37792807\n37685695\n32748504\n29968316\n23554460\n26603188\n32044445\n32400317\n38288063\n31800698\n23494933\n30591411\n26827898\n26812922\n33740420\n30661001\n28622524\n33825330\n38424050",
    "results": "In all three tissues, a significant increase in some mitochondrial fusion markers was observed after 8 weeks of training (p\u2009=\u2009<\u20090.0001-0.0452). Furthermore, a significant decrease in cardiac mitochondrial fission markers was observed in all three groups (p\u2009=\u2009<\u20090.0001-0.0156). This reduction in some markers was evident in the SOL tissue of the HIIT group (p\u2009<\u20090.0001 for Drp-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0007 for Fis-1) and in the EDL tissue of the RT group (p\u2009=\u20090.0005 for Fis-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0012 for Drp-1). The mitochondrial fission/fusion markers in the heart (p\u2009=\u20090.0007-0.0449) and SOL (p\u2009=\u20090.0050-0.0258) tissues of the HIIT group had more changes than the RT group, while the mitochondrial fission markers in the EDL tissue of the RT group had a lower level than the HIIT (p\u2009=\u20090.0087 for Drp-1) and MIIT (p\u2009=\u20090.0130 for Fis-1 and p\u2009=\u20090.0010 for Drp-1) groups.",
    "title": "The effects of different exercise training protocols on mitochondrial dynamics in skeletal and cardiac muscles of Wistar rats.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503f71940>"
}