{
    "abstract": "There are few data about possible interaction of sex hormones and thyroid autoimmunity and function in women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) after menopause. Therefore, our aim was to investigate sex hormone levels in euthyroid (EuHT) and hypothyroid (HypoHT) postmenopausal women with HT.\nWe performed a prospective observational clinical study that included 55 women with HT (AllHT) and 18 healthy subjects (HS) after menopause matched by age, body mass index, follicle-stimulating hormone, and menopause duration. According to their thyrotropin (TSH) level, the AllHT patients were divided into two subgroups: EuHT with TSH in the range 0.35-5.5 mU/L and HypoHT with TSH above 5.5 mU/L. Total and free testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), oestradiol (E2), and progesterone (P) were measured in all subjects. Values are presented as mean \u00b1 SD. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of values between the groups. Correlations were tested using Kendall's tau test.\nIn the HypoHT group, significantly higher free T levels were found in comparison to the HS group (7.89 \u00b1 3.55 pmol/L and 7.13 \u00b1 3.03 pmol/L, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in HypoHT, free T was significantly higher than in EuHT (7.19 \u00b1 5.65 pmol/L, p < 0.05). SHBG was significantly lower in HypoHT compared with HS (45.4 \u00b1 17.4 nmol/L and 60.09 \u00b1 19.51 nmol/L, p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between sex hormone levels and thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies.\nWe report significantly higher free and total T levels in hypothyroid postmenopausal women with HT. To our knowledge, this is the first study of sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women with HT.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
            "firstname": "Katica",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Bajuk Studen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
            "firstname": "Ajda",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Bi\u010dek"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
            "firstname": "Adrijana",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Oblak"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
            "firstname": "Katja",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Zaletel"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia. simona.gaberscek@kclj.si.",
            "firstname": "Simona",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Gaber\u0161\u010dek"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "We report significantly higher free and total T levels in hypothyroid postmenopausal women with HT. To our knowledge, this is the first study of sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women with HT.",
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.5603/EP.a2019.0055",
    "journal": "Endokrynologia Polska",
    "keywords": [
        "Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis",
        "hypothyroidism",
        "menopause",
        "testosterone"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2019-11-05",
    "pubmed_id": "31681972",
    "results": "In the HypoHT group, significantly higher free T levels were found in comparison to the HS group (7.89 \u00b1 3.55 pmol/L and 7.13 \u00b1 3.03 pmol/L, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in HypoHT, free T was significantly higher than in EuHT (7.19 \u00b1 5.65 pmol/L, p < 0.05). SHBG was significantly lower in HypoHT compared with HS (45.4 \u00b1 17.4 nmol/L and 60.09 \u00b1 19.51 nmol/L, p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between sex hormone levels and thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies.",
    "title": "Hypothyroidism is associated with higher testosterone levels in postmenopausal women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504059cb0>"
}