{
    "abstract": "The objective was to prospectively characterize dynamic pelvic 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (dp3T MRI) findings in nulligravida women and characterize changes 6\u00a0months after delivery in the same woman.\nIn this prospective study, nulligravida women seeking assisted reproductive technology for pregnancy were recruited. After physical examination by Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q), Brink assessment and measures including the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7, pre-pregnancy dp3T MRI at rest, with strain, and evacuation were performed. Assessments were repeated \u22656\u00a0months postpartum. Analysis included Welch and paired t tests for continuous variables, Fisher's exact test for differences in categorical outcomes, and paired t tests for postpartum symptoms.\nNineteen subjects (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD age, 31\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05\u00a0years) completed baseline clinical and dp3T MRI studies, 15 delivered and 10 (30.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00a0years) completed pre-pregnancy and post-delivery clinical and dp3T MRI assessments. There were no significant changes in scores of validated questionnaires (all p\u00a0>\u00a00.05) or on POP-Q measures post-delivery. Two (20%) subjects without pre-pregnancy levator tears had tears on MRI post-delivery. MRI measures of pelvic organ descent were increased post-delivery. Seventeen pelvic soft-tissue parameters increased by greater than 10% post-delivery, including 5 out of 70 (7.1%), 17 out of 110 (15.5%), and 50 out of 110 (45.5%) values exceeding thresholds at rest, strain, and evacuation respectively.\nDynamic pelvic 3T MRI detected levator tears and increased pelvic organ descent, which can be directly attributed to pregnancy and delivery.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mark E",
            "initials": "ME",
            "lastname": "Lockhart"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.",
            "firstname": "G Wright",
            "initials": "GW",
            "lastname": "Bates"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Desiree E",
            "initials": "DE",
            "lastname": "Morgan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Timothy M",
            "initials": "TM",
            "lastname": "Beasley"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. hrichter@uabmc.edu.\nDivision Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA. hrichter@uabmc.edu.",
            "firstname": "Holly E",
            "initials": "HE",
            "lastname": "Richter"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1007/s00192-017-3462-9\n10.1016/j.ajog.2006.01.042\n10.1056/NEJMoa021788\n10.1016/j.ajog.2005.07.051\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000218096.54169.34\n10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01364.x\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000147597.45349.e8\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000161367.65261.16\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000194063.63206.1c\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000250901.57095.ba\n10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.025\n10.1097/01.AOG.0000284627.38540.80\n10.2214/ajr.179.4.1791063\n10.1016/j.ajog.2007.02.040\n10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181655dc2\n10.1067/mob.2001.116365\n10.1148/radiology.179.1.2006286\n10.1016/j.ajog.2003.12.041\n10.1148/rg.e35\n10.2214/ajr.174.3.1740661\n10.1148/radiol.2492072009",
    "journal": "International urogynecology journal",
    "keywords": [
        "Dynamic pelvic 3T magnetic resonance imaging",
        "Levator tear",
        "Nulligravida women",
        "Pelvic floor mobility",
        "Primiparous women"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2017-09-06",
    "pubmed_id": "28871385\n16579934\n12621134\n16458626\n16738149\n17573795\n15572505\n16199628\n16394052\n17267827\n12517644\n16021067\n8694033\n2748352\n17906024\n12239066\n12452456\n12548204\n17618761\n10475353\n18310365\n11483897\n2006286\n11281475\n15295346\n19270071\n10864072\n11025716\n7778632\n10701605\n18796659",
    "results": "Nineteen subjects (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD age, 31\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05\u00a0years) completed baseline clinical and dp3T MRI studies, 15 delivered and 10 (30.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00a0years) completed pre-pregnancy and post-delivery clinical and dp3T MRI assessments. There were no significant changes in scores of validated questionnaires (all p\u00a0>\u00a00.05) or on POP-Q measures post-delivery. Two (20%) subjects without pre-pregnancy levator tears had tears on MRI post-delivery. MRI measures of pelvic organ descent were increased post-delivery. Seventeen pelvic soft-tissue parameters increased by greater than 10% post-delivery, including 5 out of 70 (7.1%), 17 out of 110 (15.5%), and 50 out of 110 (45.5%) values exceeding thresholds at rest, strain, and evacuation respectively.",
    "title": "Dynamic 3T pelvic floor magnetic resonance imaging in women progressing from the nulligravid to the primiparous state.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503d1bbf0>"
}