{
    "abstract": "Severe skin injuries and genetic disorders such as epidermolysis bullosa present significant clinical challenges due to limitations in current epidermal replacement therapies. While promising, cultured epithelial autografts (CEAs) suffer from prolonged culture times, cellular senescence, and low-quality clinical outcomes, limiting their widespread application. Recent advancements in iPSC-derived keratinocytes (iKeratinocytes) and in\u00a0vivo chimerism offer transformative potential for scalable and personalised skin regeneration. Advances in understanding transcriptional networks, mRNA delivery, CRISPR-based genome editing, and automated biomanufacturing processes can enable improved and efficient protocols for generating iKeratinocytes. Despite these advances, there are still challenges for scaling iKeratinocytes, including optimising xeno-free culture systems and developing reproducible methods for generating multilayered skin with appendages. Interspecies chimerism utilising lineage-specific ablation systems and targeted in utero delivery of organ progenitor cells can enable human epidermal tissue development within animal hosts, offering an alternative novel platform for scaling epidermal cell and skin generation. This method, however, requires further refinements for complete ablation and detachment of target cells in the animal hosts and improved human cell integration in chimeric models. Together, iKeratinocytes and in\u00a0vivo chimerism hold great promise for advancing autologous epidermal cell therapies and enabling broader clinical adoption and improved outcomes for patients with severe skin injuries and genetic disorders.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nDepartment of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nShriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Sina",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Kardeh"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nDepartment of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nShriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mohsen",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Mazloomrezaei"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nShriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\nVascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.",
            "firstname": "Ahmad",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Hosseini"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2025 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",
    "doi": "10.1111/exd.70107",
    "journal": "Experimental dermatology",
    "keywords": [
        "iPSC",
        "epidermis",
        "keratinocytes",
        "regenerative medicine",
        "skin"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-04-28",
    "pubmed_id": "40289411",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Scaling Autologous Epidermal Cell Therapies: iPSC-Derived Keratinocytes and In\u00a0Vivo Chimerism for Skin Regeneration.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504237ba0>"
}