{
    "abstract": "We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of exercise training (ExTr) on common lipid sub-units. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library of Controlled Trials for randomized, controlled trials of ExTr versus sedentary controls that reported lipid sub-units including Apo-AI, Apo-AII, Apo-B, HDL-2, HDL-3 and Lp(a) up until January 31, 2024. Our search identified 2363 potential studies. We included 25 studies with 34 intervention groups, and a total of 1,429 participants, 775 ExTr and 654 control. We found significant favourable anti-atherogenic changes in Apo-AI with MD 8.17 mg/dL and 95%CI (5.80, 10.55); Lp(a) MD -2.52 mg/dL (-4.33, -0.72); Apo-B MD -0.11 mg/dL (-0.19, -0.04); and HDL-2 MD 1.28 mg/dL (0.28, 2.28). Our trial sequence analysis (TSA) showed that futility was achieved for Apo-AI, but not for Lp(a), Apo-B and HDL-2. The minimal clinically important differences (MCID) for Apo-AI, Lp(a), Apo-B and HDL-2 were 0.76 mg/dL, 0.46 mg/dL, 0.02 mg/dL and 0.26 mg/dL, respectively. Analyses of Apo-AII and HDL-3 were not significant and these TSA analyses failed to show futility. ExTr produces significant improvements in Apo-AI, Lp(a), Apo-B and HDL-2, with the MCID achieved. The effect of ExTr on Apo-AII and HDL-3 is unclear.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.",
            "firstname": "David",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Downes"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.",
            "firstname": "Stephen",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Goodman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Biomedical Science, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.",
            "firstname": "Thomas",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "van der Touw"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Clinical Research Physical Therapy, University of Jamestown, Jamestown, United States.",
            "firstname": "Kayode",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Ahmed"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Armidale, Australia.",
            "firstname": "Mansueto Andrew",
            "initials": "MA",
            "lastname": "Neto"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Clinical Research Physical Therapy, University of Jamestown, Jamestown, United States.",
            "firstname": "Mitchell Andrew",
            "initials": "MA",
            "lastname": "Wolden"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.",
            "firstname": "Neil Andrew",
            "initials": "NA",
            "lastname": "Smart"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Thieme. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1055/a-2580-0722",
    "journal": "International journal of sports medicine",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-04-10",
    "pubmed_id": "40203891",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Effect of exercise training on apolipoproteins: Meta-analysis and trial sequence analysis.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504341d00>"
}