{
    "abstract": "Infection and inflammation are dementia risk factors in population-based cohorts; however, studies in stroke are scarce. We determined the prevalence of infection after stroke and routinely measured inflammatory biomarkers during hospitalization and their associations with acute and 6-month cognitive impairment.\nA prospective stroke cohort completed the Oxford Cognitive Screen at \u22642\u2009weeks and 6 months after stroke. Infection, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, white cell count, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were ascertained throughout admission with electronic patient records supplemented by hand searches. Associations with acute and 6-month global and domain-specific cognitive impairment were analyzed using multivariable regression, adjusting for demographic/vascular factors and stroke severity. Among 255 patients (mean age, 73.9 [SD, 12.6] years; 46.3% women; mean education, 12.6 [SD, 3.7] years; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 5 [range, minimum-maximum, 0-30]), infection was present in 90 patients (35.3%) at mean 4.4 (SD, 6.9) days after stroke, consisting predominantly of pneumonia (47/90; 52%) and urinary tract infection (39/90; 43%). Admission white cell count was elevated in 25.1% (n=64; mean, 9.5\u00d710\nInfection and elevations in routinely measured inflammatory biomarkers are common following stroke; however, only infection is associated with poststroke cognitive impairment, suggesting that increases in these biomarkers may be nonspecific. Infection may present a tractable target for reducing poststroke cognitive impairment.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford Oxford UK.",
            "firstname": "Elise",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Milosevich"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford Oxford UK.\nWolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Wolfson Building, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford UK.",
            "firstname": "Nele",
            "initials": "N",
            "lastname": "Demeyere"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Wolfson Building, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford UK.\nNIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Departments of General Medicine and Geratology John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK.",
            "firstname": "Sarah T",
            "initials": "ST",
            "lastname": "Pendlebury"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1161/JAHA.123.033015\n10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.4346\n10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30442-3\n10.1177/2396987318825484\n10.1212/WNL.0000000000008881\n10.1161/STR.0000000000000430\n10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00144-4\n10.3233/JAD-200303\n10.2147/CLEP.S260243\n10.1161/01.str.27.8.1283\n10.1186/1471-2377-11-110\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002108\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.478842\n10.7861/clinmed.2019-0470\n10.1161/JAHA.119.012995\n10.1016/S1474-4422(15)70016-5\n10.1212/WNL.0000000000008612\n10.3389/fneur.2021.693318\n10.1080/01616412.2018.1438224\n10.1177/0891988710373598\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000536\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.041965\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.004534\n10.1093/brain/awz022\n10.3390/ijms21031095\n10.1037/pas0000082\n10.1161/01.str.20.7.864\n10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8\n10.1001/jama.2016.0287\n10.1378/chest.101.6.1644\n10.1186/s13104-016-2335-5\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018529\n10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70236-4\n10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7528\n10.1186/s12974-021-02177-0\n10.1161/01.STR.0000251441.89665.bc\n10.1186/s12883-018-1046-z\n10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.576413\n10.1056/NEJMoa041747\n10.3389/fneur.2020.00201\n10.3390/medicina55070342\n10.1212/NXI.0000000000000428\n10.1016/j.jns.2021.119988\n10.2147/CIA.S281865\n10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.03.057\n10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.11.022\n10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.08.019\n10.1186/s12879-018-3156-z\n10.3389/fneur.2021.793435\n10.1177/1545968320948607\n10.3389/fneur.2022.907486\n10.1212/01.wnl.0000115108.65264.4b\n10.1038/s41398-022-02145-z\n10.1186/s12883-022-02756-5\n10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273\n10.1007/s11357-021-00399-x",
    "journal": "Journal of the American Heart Association",
    "keywords": [
        "cognition",
        "cognitive dysfunction",
        "infection",
        "inflammation",
        "stroke"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-01-12",
    "pubmed_id": "38214255\n34870689\n30784556\n31259264\n31882527\n37125534\n34166620\n32651320\n32904115\n8711787\n21933425\n24135931\n17690313\n32934037\n31266385\n25792098\n31712368\n34276542\n29451096\n20601647\n23444307\n37026459\n24692476\n30860258\n32046035\n25730165\n2749846\n3558716\n31428236\n26903338\n1303622\n28057051\n29581343\n19782001\n33890988\n34092245\n17261736\n29685118\n20167905\n15602021\n32308640\n31284487\n29318180\n34547616\n33324045\n25959500\n24424334\n18789376\n29843641\n35185753\n32940147\n36071906\n15037692\n36109502\n35761180\n32658246\n34160780",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Infection, Inflammation, and Poststroke Cognitive Impairment.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503f0b920>"
}