{
    "abstract": "SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.\nThis is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023.\nIn total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08-2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.83).\nThese findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.",
            "firstname": "Christopher J",
            "initials": "CJ",
            "lastname": "Hernandez"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.",
            "firstname": "Kavya G",
            "initials": "KG",
            "lastname": "Sundar"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.",
            "firstname": "Fernando",
            "initials": "F",
            "lastname": "Echegaray"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mary Catherine",
            "initials": "MC",
            "lastname": "Cambou"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.",
            "firstname": "Lanbo Z",
            "initials": "LZ",
            "lastname": "Yang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cient\u00edfica del Sur, Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa, Lima 15067, Peru.",
            "firstname": "Eddy R",
            "initials": "ER",
            "lastname": "Segura"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hospital Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, Tubar\u00e3o 88701-160, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Marineide",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Gon\u00e7alves de Melo"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hospital Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, Tubar\u00e3o 88701-160, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Breno Riegel",
            "initials": "BR",
            "lastname": "Santos"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hospital Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, Tubar\u00e3o 88701-160, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Ivana Ros\u00e2ngela Dos Santos",
            "initials": "IRDS",
            "lastname": "Varella"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.",
            "firstname": "Karin",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Nielsen-Saines"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.3390/vaccines12121445\n10.36311/jhgd.v33.15287\n10.1590/1983-1447.2024.20230299.pt\n10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100107\n10.3390/ijerph18115613\n10.3390/jcm10225458\n10.1186/s12884-022-05101-3\n10.1038/s41598-021-92357-y\n10.1038/s41467-023-44549-5\n10.1093/ije/dyad120\n10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.11.004\n10.1002/rmv.2434\n10.1055/s-0042-1755461\n10.1001/jama.2022.1190\n10.1093/aje/kwh090\n10.1093/aje/kws412\n10.1097/MD.0000000000019880\n10.1186/s13054-023-04584-6\n10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100636\n10.1177/1753495X15589223\n10.1152/physrev.00024.2020\n10.2174/1573396317666211124095020\n10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100453\n10.1093/ajcp/aqaa089\n10.1126/sciimmunol.abo1303\n10.5811/westjem.2019.6.43369\n10.1093/cid/ciac793\n10.1093/infdis/jiac366\n10.1056/NEJMoa2204399",
    "journal": "Vaccines",
    "keywords": [
        "COVID-19",
        "SARS-CoV-2",
        "pregnancy outcomes",
        "vaccination"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-01-08",
    "pubmed_id": "39772105\n39607241\n32292902\n34074005\n34830740\n36258186\n34230507\n38267411\n37690066\n36407853\n36896895\n36067796\n35129581\n15033648\n23371353\n32332659\n37670329\n35398348\n27512467\n32969772\n34819008\n34723226\n32441303\n35324269\n31539341\n36348510\n36082433\n35731908",
    "results": "In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08-2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.83).",
    "title": "The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504bf7fb0>"
}