{
    "abstract": "Patients on hemodialysis (HD) often uses several medications, making them highly susceptible to medication-related problems (MRP) thereby leading to medication nonadherence. Therefore, an innovative pharmaceutical care strategy incorporating drug therapy optimization (DTO) and motivational interviewing (MI) can mitigate medication-related problems and optimize patient care.\nThe objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of pharmacist led interventions in utilizing DTO and MI techniques in managing medication related problems among patients undergoing hemodialysis.\nA12-months, cross sectional prospective study was conducted among 63 End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on HD. DTO was conducted by the pharmacist to identify the MRP by reviewing complete medication list gathered from patient interview and medical records. All MRPs was classified using the PCNE classification version 9.00 and medication issues, that require patient involvement were categorized as patient-related, while those that necessitate physician intervention were classified as physician-related. The DTO was performed at the baseline, 6-month and at the final month of the study. Identified medication issues were communicated to the site nephrologist and was tracked during next follow up. Whereas MI was conducted physically at Month-3 and via telephone on month-6 and month-9 to address patient related medication issues.\nMean age of the study population was 48.5\u00b114 years. While the mean number of prescribed medications was 8.1\u00b12 with 57% of the patients taking more than 5 types of medication. After 12 months of pharmacist intervention using DTO and MI, a mean reduction in MRP was observed for both patient-related and physician-related MRPs across three time series. However, further analysis using repeated measure ANOVA revealed that the reduction in patient-related MRPs was statistically significant [F(1.491, 92.412) = 60.921, p < 0.05], while no statistically significant difference was detected in physician-related MRPs [F(2, 124) = 2.216, P = 0.113].\nPharmaceutical care service through DTO and MI can effectively reduce and prevent drug-related issues to optimize medication therapy among HD patients.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Ganesh Sritheran",
            "initials": "GS",
            "lastname": "Paneerselvam"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Lee Kwing Chin",
            "initials": "LKC",
            "lastname": "Kenneth"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Raja Ahsan",
            "initials": "RA",
            "lastname": "Aftab"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Roland Gamini",
            "initials": "RG",
            "lastname": "Sirisinghe"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Pauline",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Siew Mei Lai"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.",
            "firstname": "Soo Kun",
            "initials": "SK",
            "lastname": "Lim"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Pharmaceutical care service through DTO and MI can effectively reduce and prevent drug-related issues to optimize medication therapy among HD patients.",
    "copyrights": "Copyright: \u00a9 2024 Paneerselvam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
    "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0300499\n10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00289.x\n10.11604/pamj.2019.33.61.18083\n10.1186/s12882-020-02135-7\n10.1592/phco.29.12.1433\n10.1186/s12909-019-1606-y\n10.1186/1479-5868-9-19\n10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i7.31305\n10.1016/j.cct.2017.02.003\n10.1186/1471-2458-12-456\n10.1007/s13142-014-0270-3\n10.3390/healthcare9060663\n10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05125\n10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0014\n10.2147/PPA.S145648\n10.1159/000329106\n10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.05.004\n10.1186/s12882-019-1334-x\n10.1371/journal.pone.0144119\n10.1186/s12882-019-1577-6\n10.18549/PharmPract.2016.03.785\n10.1111/jgs.16136\n10.34067/KID.0001942021\n10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00001.x\n10.3390/nu14051033\n10.18502/kme.v2i3.11850\n10.1007/s00285-019-01429-1\n10.1161/JAHA.117.007723",
    "journal": "PloS one",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-05-21",
    "pubmed_id": "38771822\n14531826\n31448023\n33228547\n19947803\n31118005\n22385702\n28185994\n22713093\n25584086\n34199582\n30633683\n32866264\n33835006\n30013329\n21832846\n18157998\n31101020\n26636968\n31722680\n27785165\n31430394\n35373095\n11703605\n35268010\n31630225\n29378732",
    "results": "Mean age of the study population was 48.5\u00b114 years. While the mean number of prescribed medications was 8.1\u00b12 with 57% of the patients taking more than 5 types of medication. After 12 months of pharmacist intervention using DTO and MI, a mean reduction in MRP was observed for both patient-related and physician-related MRPs across three time series. However, further analysis using repeated measure ANOVA revealed that the reduction in patient-related MRPs was statistically significant [F(1.491, 92.412) = 60.921, p < 0.05], while no statistically significant difference was detected in physician-related MRPs [F(2, 124) = 2.216, P = 0.113].",
    "title": "Enhancing medication management in hemodialysis patients: Exploring the impact of patient-centered pharmacist care and motivational interviewing.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504dca070>"
}