{
    "abstract": "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves ongoing impairment of kidney function and structural changes. Previous studies indicated that males have a substantially higher prevalence of CKD than those observed in females. Here, we compared the gender differences in CKD development by comparing age-matched male and female mice subjected to a 0.25% adenine diet (AD) for two weeks. Male mice showed a significantly greater decrease in kidney function than female mice, as evidenced by the elevated blood urea nitrogen levels (M-AD: 160 \u00b1 5 mg/dL, F-AD: 90 \u00b1 4 mg/dL; ",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Sugyeong",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Ha"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Minjung",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Son"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Jeongwon",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Doyeon",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Mi-Jeong",
            "initials": "MJ",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Jian",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Yoo"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Byeong Moo",
            "initials": "BM",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Functional Food Materials Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Donghwan",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Hae Young",
            "initials": "HY",
            "lastname": "Chung"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.",
            "firstname": "Ki Wung",
            "initials": "KW",
            "lastname": "Chung"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.3390/ijms26031358\n10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.003\n10.1016/j.kint.2019.07.012\n10.1001/jama.2019.14745\n10.1186/s12902-021-00817-3\n10.1038/nrneph.2017.181\n10.1097/01.ASN.0000035846.89753.D4\n10.1016/j.kint.2017.02.036\n10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034227\n10.1038/nm.3218\n10.3390/ijms21155203\n10.1093/ndt/gfu046\n10.1007/s12272-022-01375-5\n10.1681/ASN.2016050573\n10.1097/01.ASN.0000105993.63023.D8\n10.1681/ASN.2015070741\n10.1097/SHK.0000000000000586\n10.1152/physrev.00024.2016\n10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.034\n10.3389/fimmu.2022.822604\n10.1369/0022155419852932\n10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.108\n10.1042/BCJ20170272\n10.2215/CJN.03990318\n10.1152/ajpheart.00630.2004\n10.1053/jarr.2003.50001\n10.1093/ndt/gfp483\n10.1038/s41420-023-01432-y\n10.1007/s00464-021-08590-z\n10.1007/s11255-020-02761-y\n10.1080/0886022X.2021.1901739\n10.1016/j.tem.2009.09.002\n10.1152/ajprenal.00451.2018\n10.3390/molecules21101391\n10.1097/01.ASN.0000128219.65330.EA\n10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166474\n10.1681/ASN.2015070748\n10.1371/journal.pone.0115947\n10.3389/fphar.2014.00123\n10.1111/j.1365-2613.2011.00764.x\n10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64277-0\n10.1152/ajprenal.00365.2015\n10.1038/sj.onc.1204448\n10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111003\n10.1093/ndt/gfu240\n10.1093/nar/gkm306\n10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.003",
    "journal": "International journal of molecular sciences",
    "keywords": [
        "17\u03b2-estradiol",
        "chronic kidney disease",
        "gender difference",
        "inflammation",
        "kidney fibrosis"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-02-13",
    "pubmed_id": "39941126\n35529086\n31582227\n31573641\n34348694\n29355169\n12397053\n28729036\n29068765\n23817022\n32708044\n24589723\n35334088\n28209809\n14747381\n26940099\n26849629\n16060130\n28539435\n33168161\n35281024\n31116067\n28025140\n28694352\n30232136\n15319201\n12616458\n19762608\n37185276\n34115217\n33458788\n33784950\n19837603\n31339773\n27763560\n15153565\n23833437\n35772632\n26823548\n25559736\n24904424\n21355940\n12707027\n26739888\n11423983\n33227702\n25031017\n37196860\n31112599\n17485472\n31474566",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Gender Differences in Adenine Diet-Induced Kidney Toxicity: The Impact of 17\u03b2-Estradiol on Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788505f2ed90>"
}