{
    "abstract": "Currently, the treatment of bone defects in arthroplasty is a challenge in clinical practice. Nonetheless, commercially available orthopaedic scaffolds have shown limited therapeutic effects for large bone defects, especially for massiveand irregular defects. Additively manufactured porous tantalum, in particular, has emerged as a promising material for such scaffolds and is widely used in orthopaedics for its exceptional biocompatibility, osteoinduction, and mechanical properties. Porous tantalum has also exhibited unique advantages in personalised rapid manufacturing, which allows for the creation of customised scaffolds with complex geometric shapes for clinical applications at a low cost and high efficiency. However, studies on the effect of the pore structure of additively manufactured porous tantalum on bone regeneration have been rare. In this study, our group designed and fabricated a batch of precision porous tantalum scaffolds via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) with pore sizes of 250\u00a0\u03bcm (Ta 250), 450\u00a0\u03bcm (Ta 450), 650\u00a0\u03bcm (Ta 650), and 850\u00a0\u03bcm (Ta 850). We then performed a series of in vitro experiments and observed that all four groups showed good biocompatibility. In particular, Ta 450 demonstrated the best osteogenic performance. Afterwards, our team used a rat bone defect model to determine the in vivo osteogenic effects. Based on micro-computed tomography and histology, we identified that Ta 450 exhibited the best bone ingrowth performance. Subsequently, sheep femur and hip defect models were used to further confirm the osteogenic effects of Ta 450 scaffolds. Finally, we verified the aforementioned in vitro and in vivo results via clinical application (seven patients waiting for revision total hip arthroplasty) of the Ta 450 scaffold. The clinical results confirmed that Ta 450 had satisfactory clinical outcomes up to the 12-month follow-up. In summary, our findings indicate that 450\u00a0\u03bcm is the suitable pore size for porous tantalum scaffolds. This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of massive, irreparable, and protracted bone defects in arthroplasty.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.",
            "firstname": "Jiale",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Jin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.",
            "firstname": "Dongyu",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Wang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.",
            "firstname": "Hu",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Qian"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.",
            "firstname": "Chengxin",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Ruan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.",
            "firstname": "Yiqi",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Yang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 200233, China.",
            "firstname": "Dongdong",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hunan Huaxiang Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410008, China.",
            "firstname": "Guohua",
            "initials": "G",
            "lastname": "Wang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. Electronic address: shawnzhu_ortho@zju.edu.cn.",
            "firstname": "Xiaobo",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Zhu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. Electronic address: xy_huyh@163.com.",
            "firstname": "Yihe",
            "initials": "Y",
            "lastname": "Hu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. Electronic address: leipengfei@zju.edu.cn.",
            "firstname": "Pengfei",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Lei"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122756",
    "journal": "Biomaterials",
    "keywords": [
        "Bone defect",
        "Clinical translation",
        "Osteogenesis",
        "Pore size",
        "Porous tantalum"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-08-26",
    "pubmed_id": "39182327",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Precision pore structure optimization of additive manufacturing porous tantalum scaffolds for bone regeneration: A proof-of-concept study.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788500c9d4e0>"
}