{
    "abstract": "An electronic tongue is a sensor-based system designed to mimic human taste by detecting and analyzing the chemical properties of liquids through electrochemical methods. Here, we introduce the HITS concept, an electronic tongue system that enables rapid and sequential classification of various beverages. This system utilizes a single, cost-effective platform with interdigital electrodes made of carbon printed on recyclable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), significantly reducing the need for multiple electrodes. With the use of interchangeable hydrogel tapes, the system requires a single deep (150 \u03bcL) pore per analysis, allowing for efficient sequential testing. The hydrogel seamlessly accommodates the electrode interface and operates with a semisolid electrolyte, achieving ultrafast analysis times of just 5 min. Employing AI and machine learning algorithms, HITS accurately differentiated between coffee, juice, water, white wine, and red wine with a 100% success rate. This sustainable approach combines high precision, speed, and low environmental impact, offering a versatile solution for various technological applications, including food science, quality control, and health monitoring. This e-solution not only enhances precision and speed but also aligns with growing environmental concerns, offering a low-impact and scalable platform for advanced liquid analysis.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.\nCF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.\nIB-S, Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.",
            "firstname": "Ricardo",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Brito-Pereira"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "CF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.\nIB-S, Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.",
            "firstname": "Rita",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Policia"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "CF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.",
            "firstname": "Clarisse",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Ribeiro"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "CF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.",
            "firstname": "Pedro",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Martins"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.\nCF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.\nIKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.",
            "firstname": "Senentxu",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Lanceros-Mendez"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "CF-UM-UP, Centro de F\u00edsica das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.\nS\u00e3o Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil.",
            "firstname": "Frank N",
            "initials": "FN",
            "lastname": "Crespilho"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.",
    "doi": "10.1021/acsaelm.4c02059\n10.1021/la011017d\n10.1038/news020107-3\n10.3390/bios14040190\n10.1109/JSEN.2013.2263125\n10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00107-8\n10.3390/beverages7030052\n10.1007/s00216-002-1310-2\n10.1111/1750-3841.16684\n10.1016/j.bioelechem.2010.08.006\n10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.044\n10.1038/s43586-021-00039-w\n10.1002/elan.200804457\n10.3390/bios10070074\n10.20964/2018.12.51\n10.3746/pnf.2022.27.4.354\n10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c02504\n10.1088/1361-6463/aa89d8\n10.1149/2.068208jes\n10.1149/2.0871603jes\n10.1139/er-2018-0019\n10.1590/fst.54622\n10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145623\n10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125664\n10.1021/acsami.9b12461\n10.1016/j.apmt.2022.101507\n10.1016/j.cej.2022.137639\n10.1021/acsami.3c11928\n10.1016/j.mtchem.2020.100317\n10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.061\n10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.05.012\n10.3389/fnut.2022.1004588\n10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.11.014\n10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.11.027\n10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00358-5\n10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.017\n10.1002/smll.202305195\n10.1126/sciadv.aba5785\n10.1021/acsami.3c09684\n10.1109/JSEN.2023.3240750\n10.3390/bios13010092",
    "journal": "ACS applied electronic materials",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-03-17",
    "pubmed_id": "40094081\n38667183\n12043015\n37799107\n20869333\n24679800\n32645901\n36721748\n33592459\n33838506\n31808332\n37782693\n36159449\n24360899\n37803472\n32548269\n37747959\n36671927",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Hydrogel In-Tape Electronic Tongue.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850720f4c0>"
}