{
    "abstract": "Incomplete development of the neural circuits that control breathing contributes to respiratory disorders in pre-term infants. Manifestations include respiratory instability, prolonged apnoeas and poor ventilatory responses to stimuli. Based on evidence suggesting that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) improves brain development, we determined whether n-3 PUFA supplementation (via the maternal diet) improves respiratory function in 10-11-day-old rat pups. n-3 PUFA treatment prolonged apnoea duration but augmented the relative pulmonary surface area and the ventilatory response to hypoxia. During hypoxia, the drop in body temperature measured in treated pups was 1\u00a0\u00b0C less than in controls. n-3 PUFA treatment also reduced microglia cell density in the brainstem. Although heterogeneous, the results obtained in rat pups constitute a proof of concept that n-3 PUFA supplementation can have positive effects on neonatal respiration. This includes a more sustained hypoxic ventilatory response and a decreased respiratory inhibition during laryngeal chemoreflex.\nMost pre-term infants present respiratory instabilities and apnoeas as a result of incomplete development of the neural circuits that control breathing. Because omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) benefit brain development, we hypothesized that n-3 PUFA supplementation (via the maternal diet) improves respiratory function in rat pups. Pups received n-3 PUFA supplementation from an enriched diet (13\u00a0g\u00a0kg",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Luana",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Tenorio-Lopes"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "C\u00e9cile",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Baldy"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Alexandra",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Jochmans-Lemoine"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Oc\u00e9ane",
            "initials": "O",
            "lastname": "Mercier"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Olivier",
            "initials": "O",
            "lastname": "Pothier-Piccinin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Tommy",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Seaborn"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Vincent",
            "initials": "V",
            "lastname": "Joseph"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Isabelle",
            "initials": "I",
            "lastname": "Marc"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Richard",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Kinkead"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology \u00a9 2016 The Physiological Society.",
    "doi": "10.1113/JP273471",
    "journal": "The Journal of physiology",
    "keywords": [
        "control of breathing",
        "development",
        "plasticity",
        "prematurity"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2016-11-20",
    "pubmed_id": "27861919\n18780339\n26138643\n3559816\n10848503\n16963244\n24591570\n11483296\n19445816\n20086074\n23727228\n14394741\n24626819\n25890385\n16777822\n20966214\n26095019\n21310268\n22322212\n23481688\n25988553\n25657207\n11240153\n1781250\n22115845\n23407936\n25844990\n16910910\n14615402\n27418689\n24371020\n25815252\n3212061\n16549522\n1510168\n7938919\n14659995\n21778362\n18187605\n6110810\n1851730\n21270384\n20621558\n8038285\n9716296\n21109178\n15951251\n10093140\n17142340\n11253814\n27255638\n17989382\n7249269\n10479232\n22361189\n7145536\n11749929\n985392\n17991757\n22656374\n1304580\n8035208\n17962578\n24913791\n26921472",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Consequences of maternal omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on respiratory function in rat pups.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x7885061ab060>"
}