{
    "abstract": "To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3\u2009million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively. Four well-known loci (SCN5A/SCN10A, CCDC141, TBX20 and CAMK2D) were shared for SND and DCD, while others were more specific for SND or DCD. SND and DCD showed a moderate genetic correlation (r",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.\nCardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nVA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Lu-Chen",
            "initials": "LC",
            "lastname": "Weng"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.\nThe Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Joel T",
            "initials": "JT",
            "lastname": "R\u00e4m\u00f6"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nDepartment of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Sean J",
            "initials": "SJ",
            "lastname": "Jurgens"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.\nCardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nTelemachus and Irene Demoulas Family Foundation Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Shaan",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Khurshid"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mark",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Chaffin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Gene Regulation Observatory, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Amelia Weber",
            "initials": "AW",
            "lastname": "Hall"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Valerie N",
            "initials": "VN",
            "lastname": "Morrill"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Xin",
            "initials": "X",
            "lastname": "Wang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nVA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.\nCardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Victor",
            "initials": "V",
            "lastname": "Nauffal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "VA Atlanta Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Yan V",
            "initials": "YV",
            "lastname": "Sun"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Heart Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Dominik",
            "initials": "D",
            "lastname": "Beer"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.",
            "firstname": "Simon",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Lee"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.",
            "firstname": "Girish N",
            "initials": "GN",
            "lastname": "Nadkarni"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.",
            "firstname": "ThuyVy",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Duong"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Biqi",
            "initials": "B",
            "lastname": "Wang"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.\nDepartment of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.",
            "firstname": "Tomasz",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Czuba"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Thomas R",
            "initials": "TR",
            "lastname": "Austin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.",
            "firstname": "Zachary T",
            "initials": "ZT",
            "lastname": "Yoneda"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.",
            "firstname": "Daniel J",
            "initials": "DJ",
            "lastname": "Friedman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA.",
            "firstname": "Anne",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Clayton"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Matthew C",
            "initials": "MC",
            "lastname": "Hyman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Renae L",
            "initials": "RL",
            "lastname": "Judy"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Allan C",
            "initials": "AC",
            "lastname": "Skanes"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.",
            "firstname": "Kate M",
            "initials": "KM",
            "lastname": "Orland"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Timothy M",
            "initials": "TM",
            "lastname": "Treu"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Lewisburg, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Matthew T",
            "initials": "MT",
            "lastname": "Oetjens"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Alvaro",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Alonso"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.",
            "firstname": "Elsayed Z",
            "initials": "EZ",
            "lastname": "Soliman"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Honghuang",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Lin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Kathryn L",
            "initials": "KL",
            "lastname": "Lunetta"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.",
            "firstname": "Jesper",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "van der Pals"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.",
            "firstname": "Tariq Z",
            "initials": "TZ",
            "lastname": "Issa"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.",
            "firstname": "Navid A",
            "initials": "NA",
            "lastname": "Nafissi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA.",
            "firstname": "Heidi T",
            "initials": "HT",
            "lastname": "May"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Peter",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Leong-Sit"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nDepartment of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Carolina",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Roselli"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Seung Hoan",
            "initials": "SH",
            "lastname": "Choi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": null,
            "initials": null,
            "lastname": null
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": null,
            "initials": null,
            "lastname": null
        },
        {
            "affiliation": null,
            "firstname": null,
            "initials": null,
            "lastname": null
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Habib R",
            "initials": "HR",
            "lastname": "Khan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA.\nDepartment of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.",
            "firstname": "Stacey",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Knight"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Lewisburg, PA, USA.\nDepartment of Economics, Leiden Law School, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Richard",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Karlsson Linn\u00e9r"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.",
            "firstname": "Connie R",
            "initials": "CR",
            "lastname": "Bezzina"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.",
            "firstname": "Samuli",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Ripatti"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Susan R",
            "initials": "SR",
            "lastname": "Heckbert"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.\nHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.\nBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "J Michael",
            "initials": "JM",
            "lastname": "Gaziano"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.\nNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.",
            "firstname": "Ruth J F",
            "initials": "RJF",
            "lastname": "Loos"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.\nDepartments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Bruce M",
            "initials": "BM",
            "lastname": "Psaty"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.\nDepartment of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.\nDepartment of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.\nWallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.",
            "firstname": "J Gustav",
            "initials": "JG",
            "lastname": "Smith"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.\nDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.\nNHLBI and BU's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Emelia J",
            "initials": "EJ",
            "lastname": "Benjamin"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.",
            "firstname": "Dan E",
            "initials": "DE",
            "lastname": "Arking"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Daniel J",
            "initials": "DJ",
            "lastname": "Rader"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.\nDuke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.",
            "firstname": "Svati H",
            "initials": "SH",
            "lastname": "Shah"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.",
            "firstname": "Dan M",
            "initials": "DM",
            "lastname": "Roden"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.\nDepartment of Genetics and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Scott M",
            "initials": "SM",
            "lastname": "Damrauer"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.",
            "firstname": "Lee L",
            "initials": "LL",
            "lastname": "Eckhardt"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.",
            "firstname": "Jason D",
            "initials": "JD",
            "lastname": "Roberts"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA.",
            "firstname": "Michael J",
            "initials": "MJ",
            "lastname": "Cutler"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.",
            "firstname": "M Benjamin",
            "initials": "MB",
            "lastname": "Shoemaker"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Heart Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA.\nDepartment of Translational Data Science and Informatics, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Christopher M",
            "initials": "CM",
            "lastname": "Haggerty"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.\nHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.\nBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Kelly",
            "initials": "K",
            "lastname": "Cho"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.\nThe Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Aarno",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Palotie"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "VA Atlanta Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA.\nDepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Peter W F",
            "initials": "PWF",
            "lastname": "Wilson"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.\nTelemachus and Irene Demoulas Family Foundation Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Patrick T",
            "initials": "PT",
            "lastname": "Ellinor"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Telemachus and Irene Demoulas Family Foundation Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. slubitz@mgh.harvard.edu.",
            "firstname": "Steven A",
            "initials": "SA",
            "lastname": "Lubitz"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2025. The Author(s).",
    "doi": "10.1038/s41588-024-01978-2",
    "journal": "Nature genetics",
    "keywords": [],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-01-03",
    "pubmed_id": "39747593\n22999727\n29954742\n26636822\n14523039\n12676817\n16407510\n21378987\n21357845\n36282123\n29892015\n30061737\n28416818\n36350656\n36046430\n29497042\n27798624\n29769521\n23583979\n31553307\n28686612\n32451458\n32403949\n29774393\n38374255\n0\n28991257\n22275001\n37443254\n33045747\n21787999\n24011539\n20562447\n9651244\n9335505\n10498698\n24642470\n19305408\n19305409\n25281747\n35177841\n34234147\n28217939\n19228822\n24762786\n16381938\n20616382\n22426310\n26484571\n24830394\n29739930\n34319147\n36918541\n29622589\n32439900\n36050321\n37532724\n25642630\n26414676\n31919418\n26343387\n30297969\n31152163\n32581359\n30643251\n29531354\n36959364\n32760811\n26414678\n29632380\n19910308\n25516281\n24485249\n34017140\n30849328\n25885710",
    "results": null,
    "title": "The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850482f420>"
}