{
    "abstract": "There are several patients with urination problems and urethral and pelvic discomfort. Usually, these patients' symptoms are persistent and ambiguous; therefore, it is difficult to find underlying diseases associated with the patient's symptoms. In addition, there are various conditions such as overactive bladder, cystitis, and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Sometimes patients with other chronic disorders such as fibromyalgia, inflammatory bowel syndrome, and vulvodynia show urination problems and pelvic pain. Thus, a patient-centered approach is important to find the cause of chronic urination problems and pelvic pain. Moreover, IC/BPS should be considered during the diagnostic process because the clinical characteristics of IC/BPS are diverse. In this narrative review, we suggest an integral approach for the diagnosis and treatment of IC/ BPS.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.",
            "firstname": "Su Jin",
            "initials": "SJ",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Urology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea.",
            "firstname": "Khae Hawn",
            "initials": "KH",
            "lastname": "Kim"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.5213/inj.2244200.100",
    "journal": "International neurourology journal",
    "keywords": [
        "Chronic pain",
        "Cystitis, Interstitial",
        "Physiopathology",
        "Therapeutics",
        "Urination disorders"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2022-10-08",
    "pubmed_id": "36203251\n30316317\n30015351\n29160004\n15183980\n30106223\n25351785\n29065222\n28734863\n29307682\n30560936\n27790294\n28528859\n28798827\n21477020\n26571430\n29315774\n30081380\n22233286\n28185319\n29782887\n28261683\n25917728\n27092957\n29566264\n25596361\n28595240\n28394416\n26587589\n25444992\n26192257\n25085119\n27139498\n24730356\n29288643\n26087832\n28415952\n28202358\n29031769\n28220525\n26816859\n26816861\n29504632\n26049874\n29452126\n28202356\n28391486\n10751853\n27378135\n29580781\n29501360\n24276074\n25900057\n28550461\n29363792\n28283711\n10792070\n29801663\n28265323\n30034539",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Clinical Approach to Recurrent Voiding Dysfunction, Dysuria, and Pelvic Pain Persisting for at Least 3 Months.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788506bca1b0>"
}