{
    "abstract": "The gastrocnemius recession was originally introduced as a method of treating isolated gastrocnemius contractures among pediatric population, however currently this procedure allows to treat various foot pathologies. Different modifications of open technique has been developed over the years and recently endoscopic approach become a widespread technique among many surgeons. It provides smaller incision and shorter operative time, however might be associated with the higher risk of sural nerve damage as a result of poor visualization. The aim of this study was to evaluate two different endoscopic approaches, introduced by Stryer and Lui, in terms of sural nerve injury.\nIn 14 dissected legs the following measurements were assessed: 1) Distance between the sural nerve and cannula. 2) Distance to the sural nerve from the lateral portal and the medial portal when performing the Strayer technique. 3) Distance to the sural nerve from the lateral portal and the medial portal when performing the Lui technique.\nIn both techniques the sural nerve was located dorsally to the cannula and no nerve damage was observed. In Lui technique the distance between cannula and the nerve was noticeably deeper than in Strayer method.\nBoth method of endoscopic gastrocnemius recession have similar risk of intraoperative sural nerve injury. Open method should always be considered as an alternative, especially for surgeons who lack experience in endoscopic procedures.\nII.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, S.T. D\u0105browski District Hospital, Puszczykowo, Poland. Electronic address: wojtek.nap@gmail.com.",
            "firstname": "Wojciech",
            "initials": "W",
            "lastname": "Napiontek"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: xmoliva@icloud.com.",
            "firstname": "Xavier Martin",
            "initials": "XM",
            "lastname": "Oliva"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Traumatologo y Ortopedista, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Alonso de Ribera 2850, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile.",
            "firstname": "Felipe",
            "initials": "F",
            "lastname": "C\u00e1rcamo-Aguilar"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carri\u00f3n, Av. Guardia Chalaca 2176, Bellavista, Lima 07016, Peru.",
            "firstname": "Diego A",
            "initials": "DA",
            "lastname": "Belling"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Fundaci\u00f3n Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatolog\u00eda, Cali, Colombia.",
            "firstname": "Mil\u00e1n F",
            "initials": "MF",
            "lastname": "Z\u00e1rate Leal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Molecular Oncology and Embriology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: tdiaz@ub.edu.",
            "firstname": "Tania",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Diaz Sanchez"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Both method of endoscopic gastrocnemius recession have similar risk of intraoperative sural nerve injury. Open method should always be considered as an alternative, especially for surgeons who lack experience in endoscopic procedures.",
    "copyrights": "Copyright \u00a9 2025 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.fas.2025.03.003",
    "journal": "Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons",
    "keywords": [
        "Endoscopic",
        "Gastrocnemius recession",
        "Sural nerve"
    ],
    "methods": "In 14 dissected legs the following measurements were assessed: 1) Distance between the sural nerve and cannula. 2) Distance to the sural nerve from the lateral portal and the medial portal when performing the Strayer technique. 3) Distance to the sural nerve from the lateral portal and the medial portal when performing the Lui technique.",
    "publication_date": "2025-04-02",
    "pubmed_id": "40169320",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Sural nerve injury risk during endoscopic gastrocnemius recession: Comparison of two approaches.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504885530>"
}