{
    "abstract": "Plants produce defensive toxins to deter herbivores. In response, some specialized herbivores evolved resistance and even the capacity to sequester toxins, affecting interactions at higher trophic levels. Here, we test the hypothesis that potential natural enemies of specialized herbivores are differentially affected by plant toxins depending on their level of adaptation to the plant-herbivore system. We focus on toxic cardiac glycosides (CGs) from milkweeds (Asclepias spp.), which inhibit animal Na",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Perla",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Achi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Preston",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Christensen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Victoria",
            "initials": "V",
            "lastname": "Iglesias"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Cullen",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "McCarthy"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Robert",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Pena"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Lanie",
            "initials": "L",
            "lastname": "Bavier"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Connor",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Goldy"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.\nDepartment of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.",
            "firstname": "Anurag A",
            "initials": "AA",
            "lastname": "Agrawal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. simon.groen@ucr.edu.\nCenter for Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. simon.groen@ucr.edu.\nDepartment of Botany & Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. simon.groen@ucr.edu.",
            "firstname": "Simon C",
            "initials": "SC",
            "lastname": "Groen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. adlerd@ucr.edu.\nCenter for Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. adlerd@ucr.edu.",
            "firstname": "Adler R",
            "initials": "AR",
            "lastname": "Dillman"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2025. The Author(s).",
    "doi": "10.1007/s10886-025-01563-9",
    "journal": "Journal of chemical ecology",
    "keywords": [
        "Steinernema carpocapsae",
        "Cardenolides",
        "Cardizac glycosides",
        "EPNs",
        "Milkweed",
        "Parasitism"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-01-27",
    "pubmed_id": "39869279\n37216531\n22292897\n33850021\n35696564\n39179235\n36158529\n28740104\n31814369\n25808891\n37445712\n19666594\n22677279\n22851767\n26392177\n22614785\n24588731\n34813747\n28011348\n37002199\n37822685\n31578524\n34179810\n29246105\n25285597\n36133149\n25561714\n21371232\n15815622\n31154978\n31659056\n33866041\n23019645",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Vary in Their Behavior and Virulence in Response to Cardiac Glycosides Within and Around Insect Hosts.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504236520>"
}