{
    "abstract": "Dysphagia is most prevalent among post stroke aging adults. This systematic review was conducted to collect evidence-based data regarding assessment and therapeutic techniques used to rehabilitate post stroke dysphagia patients.\nFour major databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science direct and Google scholar were searched systematically using the defined search strategy to target Randomized Controlled Trials conducted from January 2018 to 2023 using the pre-defined search strategy by three independent reviewers.\nAfter following PRISMA guidelines, fifteen articles matched the inclusion criteria. Several evidence based therapies like Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Therapy, Effortful Swallowing Training, Tongue Pressure Strength and Accuracy Training, Electrical Stimulation of Hyoid Muscles, Modified Chin Tuck Against Resistance exercise, Oral Neuromuscular Training, and Conventional Speech Therapy with Functional Electrical Stimulation were used frequently for the treatment of old age post stroke dysphagia in different rehabilitation centers. Along with this, a list of different assessment methodologies and tools was made that were used including Functional Oral Intake Scale, Fiber optic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing, Penetration Aspiration Scale, Pooling Scale, Video fluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale, Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability, and Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test.\nDysphagia is known to be serious complication of stroke. This systematic review shows a significant impact of therapeutic techniques on post stroke dysphagia patients and demonstrates that neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy is one of the most effective therapeutic techniques used to rehabilitate post stroke dysphagia patients.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Senior Lecturer, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan. anam_dpt.ahs@stmu.edu.pk.",
            "firstname": "Anam",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Jamil"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Senior Lecturer, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Momina",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Imtiaz"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Senior Lecturer, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Asma",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Muhammad"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Mehnaz Fatima Foundation, Jutial, Gilgit, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Alina",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Rahat"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Institute of Medical Rehabilitation, Islamabad, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Hadia Binte",
            "initials": "HB",
            "lastname": "Obaid"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Alckemy Aesthetics, Kotli, AJK, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Jawaria",
            "initials": "J",
            "lastname": "Jarral"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Senior Lecturer, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.",
            "firstname": "Rania",
            "initials": "R",
            "lastname": "Imran"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Dysphagia is known to be serious complication of stroke. This systematic review shows a significant impact of therapeutic techniques on post stroke dysphagia patients and demonstrates that neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy is one of the most effective therapeutic techniques used to rehabilitate post stroke dysphagia patients.",
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",
    "doi": "10.1007/s00405-024-08874-9\n10.2147/CIA.S262596\n10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.08.001\n10.1007/s10072-022-06191-9\n10.1177/15459683124741\n10.1055/s-0033-1358368\n10.1097/01.COT.0000358150.50765.f2\n10.1111/nmo.12467\n10.1589/jpts.29.556\n10.1007/s00455-013-9447-z\n10.3233/NRE-182526\n10.1111/1460-6984.12453\n10.1097/MRR.0000000000000282\n10.3205/000294\n10.5507/bp.2017.043\n10.1111/joor.12837\n10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104602\n10.1186/s12883-020-01980-1\n10.1007/s00455-022-10470-0\n10.1186/s12883-022-02753-8\n10.1007/s00455-018-09965-6\n10.3390/ijerph16122228\n10.3233/BMR-170788\n10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106554\n10.1111/joor.12928\n10.1007/s00455-005-9009-0\n10.1016/j.apmr.2006.11.002\n10.1007/s00455-016-9699-5\n10.1177/15459683211023187\n10.1007/s00455-007-9145-9\n10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283395dec\n10.1016/j.brs.2016.08.005\n10.3389/fnins.2022.832280\n10.2340/16501977-2603\n10.3233/NRE-172250\n10.1097/MD.0000000000022136\n10.1159/000492730\n10.2169/internalmedicine.2373-18\n10.4103/2773-2398.356525\n10.1111/jocn.16254\n10.1111/joor.12835\n10.3389/fnins.2021.769848\n10.13189/ijnbs.2017.050101",
    "journal": "European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery",
    "keywords": [
        "Assessment",
        "Dysphagia",
        "Older adults",
        "Outcome",
        "Speech therapy",
        "Stroke",
        "Systematic review",
        "Treatment"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-08-06",
    "pubmed_id": "39105791\n35661279\n23392916\n24166190\n25376877\n23380981\n30714980\n30693627\n29621048\n29097820\n31520535\n31924485\n33158423\n35715574\n35733098\n30603800\n31905934\n29562486\n35691184\n31880338\n16544087\n17270511\n27913916\n34137329\n18437464\n20463480\n27593709\n35431769\n30040760\n33371171\n30199856\n30996170\n38071504\n31206763\n22506228",
    "results": "After following PRISMA guidelines, fifteen articles matched the inclusion criteria. Several evidence based therapies like Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Therapy, Effortful Swallowing Training, Tongue Pressure Strength and Accuracy Training, Electrical Stimulation of Hyoid Muscles, Modified Chin Tuck Against Resistance exercise, Oral Neuromuscular Training, and Conventional Speech Therapy with Functional Electrical Stimulation were used frequently for the treatment of old age post stroke dysphagia in different rehabilitation centers. Along with this, a list of different assessment methodologies and tools was made that were used including Functional Oral Intake Scale, Fiber optic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing, Penetration Aspiration Scale, Pooling Scale, Video fluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale, Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability, and Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test.",
    "title": "Evidence based therapeutic and assessment techniques to rehabilitate post stroke dysphagia patients-A systematic review.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503036f20>"
}