{
    "abstract": "Hearing-impaired individuals experience higher levels of listening effort in challenging situations, affecting their communication in daily life. The purpose of this study was to linguistically and culturally adapt the Effort Assessment Scale (EAS) into Danish (D-EAS) and to investigate its reliability and validity in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners.\nThe translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the EAS aligns with recommendations to adapt hearing-related questionnaires for different languages and cultures. Participants were 157 listeners (85 females) aged 20-86\u00a0years (M\nReliability analysis showed good internal consistency for the six items in the D-EAS (Cronbach's \u03b1= 0.93). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that D-EAS is a one-dimensional instrument. Significant differences were observed across items and overall scores between normal hearing (NH) and hearing loss groups.\nThe D-EAS reliably estimates self-perception of listening effort in adults with and without hearing loss and is sensitive to the impact of hearing loss. Thus, the D-EAS can provide hearing care professionals and hearing researchers with valuable insights into people's self-perception of listening effort to help guide clinical and other rehabilitation decisions.Implications for RehabilitationThe Effort Assessment Scale (EAS) into Danish (D-EAS) is a reliable tool to estimate self-perception of listening effort in hearing-impaired adults.The D-EAS could be a helpful tool providing insights about aspects of hearing disability that is not commonly addressed with the traditional hearing assessments.The D-EAS can be incorporated in the hearing rehabilitation process as a tool for evaluating self-perception of listening effort in daily life situations.The D-EAS is easy to administer and requires a short time to answer, allowing its use by clinicians and hearing researchers in different settings.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Hearing Systems - Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.\nCopenhagen Hearing and Balance Center, Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) & Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.",
            "firstname": "Oscar M",
            "initials": "OM",
            "lastname": "Ca\u00f1ete"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Hearing Systems - Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.\nCopenhagen Hearing and Balance Center, Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) & Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.",
            "firstname": "Silje G",
            "initials": "SG",
            "lastname": "Nielsen"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Fonoaudiolog\u00eda, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.",
            "firstname": "Eduardo",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Fuentes-L\u00f3pez"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.1080/09638288.2021.2022781",
    "journal": "Disability and rehabilitation",
    "keywords": [
        "Hearing loss",
        "hearing aids",
        "listening effort",
        "questionnaire",
        "self-report"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2022-01-07",
    "pubmed_id": "34990565",
    "results": "Reliability analysis showed good internal consistency for the six items in the D-EAS (Cronbach's \u03b1= 0.93). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that D-EAS is a one-dimensional instrument. Significant differences were observed across items and overall scores between normal hearing (NH) and hearing loss groups.",
    "title": "Self-reported listening effort in adults with and without hearing loss: the Danish version of the Effort Assessment Scale (D-EAS).",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x7885041f31a0>"
}