{
    "abstract": "A postmenopausal woman, in her 60s, married with no history of pregnancy, presented to our facility with an abdominal mass of 2 months duration that progressively increased in size. Physical examination revealed a mobile abdominal cystic mass measuring approximately 20\u00d720\u00d710\u2009cm, accompanied by ascites. Transvaginal ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic cystic mass measured >14.6\u00d712.5\u2009x13.5\u00d711.49\u2009cm, with septa and papillary projections, and the Doppler colour score was +2, along with ascites. Based on the IOTA Simple Rules, this mass would be classified as malignant, because it meets the criteria for M2 (ascites) and M4 (irregular multilocular solid tumour \u2265100\u2009mm) features. Because malignancy was suspected, a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with a frozen section were performed. The frozen section and histopathological examination resulted in a right endometrioma. Postmenopausal endometriosis is rare, but clinicians should always be aware of its existence as it confers a risk of malignant transformation and recurrence. Comprehensive follow-up after surgery is recommended in such cases.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.",
            "firstname": "Kemala Isnainiasih",
            "initials": "KI",
            "lastname": "Mantilidewi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.",
            "firstname": "Steven",
            "initials": "S",
            "lastname": "Ridwan"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.",
            "firstname": "Andi",
            "initials": "A",
            "lastname": "Kurniadi"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia ali.budi@unpad.ac.id.",
            "firstname": "Ali Budi",
            "initials": "AB",
            "lastname": "Harsono"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.",
    "doi": "10.1136/bcr-2024-260892\n10.1007/s13669-017-0187-1\n10.1016/0028-2243(80)90069-6\n10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.04.028\n10.3390/diagnostics10030134\n10.1067/mob.2003.408\n10.5306/wjco.v5.i5.800\n10.6118/jmm.2013.19.3.151\n10.1080/13697137.2017.1284781\n10.1155/2014/179515\n10.1080/13697130802490256\n10.1186/1752-1947-3-135\n10.1080/00016340701619407\n10.1136/bmj.c6839\n10.3348/kjr.2021.0405\n10.1093/humrep/det457\n10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.06.017\n10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.006",
    "journal": "BMJ case reports",
    "keywords": [
        "Gynaecological cancer",
        "Menopause (including HRT)"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2025-03-15",
    "pubmed_id": "40086852\n29276652\n7194811\n15653219\n32121424\n12861175\n25493219\n25371883\n28286987\n25763392\n18991080\n20062773\n17851817\n21156740\n35289148\n24435778\n18162283\n26335131",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Postmenopausal endometriosis.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850555de40>"
}