{
    "abstract": "Moving bed biofilm reactor combined with membrane bioreactor (MBBR-MBR) constitute a highly effective wastewater treatment technology. The aim of this research work was to study the effect of commercial K1 biocarriers (MBBR-MBR K1 unit) and 3D-printed biocarriers fabricated from 13X and Halloysite (MBBR-MBR 13X-H unit), on the efficiency and the fouling rate of an MBBR-MBR unit during wastewater treatment. Various physicochemical parameters and trans-membrane pressure were measured. It was observed that in the MBBR-MBR K1 unit, membrane filtration improved reaching total membrane fouling at 43d, while in the MBBR-MBR 13X-H and in the control MBBR-MBR total fouling took place at about 32d. This is attributed to the large production of soluble microbial products (SMP) in the MBBR-MBR 13X-H, which resulted from a large amount of biofilm created in the 13X-H biocarriers. An optimal biodegradation of the organic load was concluded, and nitrification and denitrification processes were improved at the MBBR-MBR K1 and MBBR-MBR 13X-H units. The dry mass produced on the 13X-H biocarriers ranged at 4980-5711 mg, three orders of magnitude larger than that produced on the K1, which ranged at 2.9-4.6 mg. Finally, it was observed that mostly extracellular polymeric substances were produced in the biofilm of K1 biocarriers while in 13X-H mostly SMP.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "QLAB Private Company, Research & Development, Quality Control and Testing Services, 57008 Thessaloniki, Greece.\nDepartment of Food Science and Technology, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Dimitra C",
            "initials": "DC",
            "lastname": "Banti"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Petros",
            "initials": "P",
            "lastname": "Samaras"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "QLAB Private Company, Research & Development, Quality Control and Testing Services, 57008 Thessaloniki, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Eleni",
            "initials": "E",
            "lastname": "Kostopoulou"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "QLAB Private Company, Research & Development, Quality Control and Testing Services, 57008 Thessaloniki, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Vassiliki",
            "initials": "V",
            "lastname": "Tsioni"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "QLAB Private Company, Research & Development, Quality Control and Testing Services, 57008 Thessaloniki, Greece.",
            "firstname": "Themistoklis",
            "initials": "T",
            "lastname": "Sfetsas"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": null,
    "doi": "10.3390/membranes13080690\n10.2166/wst.2017.061\n10.1016/j.jece.2021.106112\n10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122631\n10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123551\n10.13140/RG.2.2.19104.17922\n10.1016/j.seppur.2018.03.045\n10.1016/j.memsci.2017.08.034\n10.3390/membranes11070490\n10.1016/j.memsci.2014.02.034\n10.3390/membranes10060118\n10.2175/106143010X12851009156286\n10.1038/srep12400\n10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.071\n10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144104\n10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128836\n10.1007/s11157-014-9333-7\n10.1016/j.cej.2014.12.008\n10.1111/j.1936-704X.2017.03246.x\n10.1039/D0EW00393J\n10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.132\n10.3390/fermentation8120746\n10.1038/s41598-018-26342-3\n10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112601.134925\n10.3390/ma16134826\n10.1016/j.addma.2021.102109\n10.1016/j.watres.2009.12.009\n10.1016/0003-2697(72)90094-2\n10.1021/ac60111a017\n10.3390/membranes11080553\n10.1038/s41587-019-0209-9\n10.1007/978-1-4614-9209-2_118-1\n10.1093/nar/gks1219\n10.1007/s11274-020-02853-y\n10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.042\n10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150708\n10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116234\n10.3390/w13131810\n10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128477\n10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121276\n10.1111/jam.12808\n10.1016/j.jece.2022.108635\n10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101791\n10.1016/j.watres.2022.119163",
    "journal": "Membranes",
    "keywords": [
        "13X-halloysite biocarriers",
        "3D-printed biocarriers",
        "EPS",
        "Kaldnes K1 biocarriers",
        "MBBR-MBR",
        "SMP",
        "biofilm",
        "colloidal particles",
        "membrane fouling",
        "wastewater treatment"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2023-08-25",
    "pubmed_id": "37623751\n28452767\n31902639\n34210095\n32517262\n21751715\n26202477\n28549255\n33373753\n33168286\n28777989\n29795121\n37445140\n20092865\n4115981\n34436316\n31341288\n27214047\n23193283\n32390104\n30616044\n36261962\n33032216\n34022478\n25809882\n36206686",
    "results": null,
    "title": "Improvement of MBBR-MBR Performance by the Addition of Commercial and 3D-Printed Biocarriers.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788504a9ad40>"
}