{
    "abstract": "Umbilical cord milking (UCM) has been theorized to increase placental blood transfusion then again, the optimal method of cord clamping at birth is still contested. We aimed to analyse the effects of UCM on the neonatal haematological parameters at 72\u00a0h and 6\u00a0weeks of age and its association with any adverse effects.\nIn this randomized control trial, mothers\u2009\u2265\u200934\u00a0weeks were randomized into two arms. Under the intervention group, the cord was milked three times before clamping and cutting whereas the controls had the cord clamped and cut without milking. Haemoglobin and haematocrit levels were measured at 72\u00a0h. and at 6\u00a0weeks.\nA total of 170 mothers were enrolled with 85 subjects in each arm. Baseline characteristics were comparable. In the intervention arm, the mean haemoglobin [18.1 (2.4) g/dL] and haematocrit [54 (7) %] were significantly higher as compared to the control arm [16.4 (2.1) g/dL and 48 (6) %], at 72\u00a0h of age. There was also significant increase in the mean haemoglobin [11.6 (1.3) g/dL] and haematocrit [34 (4) %] compared to the controls [10.1 (1.1) g/dL and 30 (3) %], at 6\u00a0weeks. No statistical difference was found in the incidence of PPH and duration of third stage. There was no significant rise in hyperbilirubinaemia, phototherapy requirement and polycythaemia among neonates in the intervention group.\nUmbilical cord milking is a sound practical approach to raise the haemoglobin and haematocrit levels up to 6\u00a0weeks thereby decreasing the proportion of anaemic infants.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MOSC Medical College, Kolenchery, Ernakulam, Kerala 682311 India.",
            "firstname": "Anu Anna",
            "initials": "AA",
            "lastname": "George"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MOSC Medical College, Kolenchery, Ernakulam, Kerala 682311 India.",
            "firstname": "Mini",
            "initials": "M",
            "lastname": "Isac"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "Umbilical cord milking is a sound practical approach to raise the haemoglobin and haematocrit levels up to 6\u00a0weeks thereby decreasing the proportion of anaemic infants.",
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2021.",
    "doi": "10.1007/s13224-021-01515-9\n10.1111/ped.12464\n10.1155/2019/9185059\n10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1906\n10.1016/j.ajog.2012.10.884\n10.3889/oamjms.2018.286\n10.5468/ogs.2017.60.6.527\n10.1542/peds.2015-0368\n10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.037\n10.1093/tropej/fmw015\n10.4314/ejhs.v26i3.8\n10.1038/s41598-019-52793-3\n10.1038/jp.2015.65\n10.1007/s00431-015-2511-y\n10.1111/apa.13559\n10.1136/archdischild-2019-318627\n10.4038/sljog.v39i4.7824",
    "journal": "Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India",
    "keywords": [
        "Anaemia",
        "Cord milking",
        "Neonate",
        "Placental transfusion"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2022-08-05",
    "pubmed_id": "35923518\n25091163\n30886867\n25365246\n23123382\n26926814\n30159064\n29184860\n26122803\n29246467\n26995011\n27358546\n31719548\n31600796\n26087318\n25800496\n32069483\n27564579\n32152192\n31139461",
    "results": "A total of 170 mothers were enrolled with 85 subjects in each arm. Baseline characteristics were comparable. In the intervention arm, the mean haemoglobin [18.1 (2.4) g/dL] and haematocrit [54 (7) %] were significantly higher as compared to the control arm [16.4 (2.1) g/dL and 48 (6) %], at 72\u00a0h of age. There was also significant increase in the mean haemoglobin [11.6 (1.3) g/dL] and haematocrit [34 (4) %] compared to the controls [10.1 (1.1) g/dL and 30 (3) %], at 6\u00a0weeks. No statistical difference was found in the incidence of PPH and duration of third stage. There was no significant rise in hyperbilirubinaemia, phototherapy requirement and polycythaemia among neonates in the intervention group.",
    "title": "Effect of Umbilical Cord Milking on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India: A Randomized Control Trial.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788502d2cfe0>"
}