{
    "abstract": "Psychomotor restlessness and agitation (PMA)-unintentional motor activity (e.g., fidgeting, pacing) stemming from mental tension-is a transdiagnostic psychopathological trait linked to several psychiatric conditions comorbid with tobacco dependence. Prior work suggests that PMA is cross-sectionally associated with retrospective reports of more severe tobacco withdrawal during prior quit attempts. Whether PMA is associated with tobacco withdrawal symptoms during experimentally-manipulated smoking abstinence is currently unknown. This study investigated PMA as a predictor of tobacco withdrawal symptom severity using a controlled laboratory design in a non-clinical sample of adults who smoke cigarettes daily.\nParticipants (N = 778; 37.5% Female; M [SD] age = 47 years [11.2]) attended a baseline session that assessed PMA severity. Participants then attended two counterbalanced sessions (one preceded by 16-hr tobacco abstinence vs. non-abstinence) where they completed self-report questionnaires on urges to smoke, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, positive and negative affect states, and a task assessing smoking lapse behavior.\nHigher PMA at baseline was positively associated with abstinence-induced increases in urges to smoke, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, several negative affect states, cognition (in covariate-adjusted analyses), and smoking reinstatement behavior (in unadjusted, but not adjusted analyses). Trait PMA was not associated with abstinence-induced changes in positive affect states.\nHigher trait PMA may heighten vulnerability to experiencing more severe smoking urges, nicotine withdrawal, negative affect, confusion, and (to some extent) motivation to reinstate smoking during acute smoking abstinence. These findings may inform precision medicine approaches and the development of tailored interventions for populations with PMA during smoking cessation.\nThis study shows how psychomotor restlessness and agitation-a transdiagnostic psychopathological trait-is associated with cognitive, affective, and behavioral features of tobacco withdrawal in a non-clinical sample of adults who smoke cigarettes daily. The implications of our findings may inform precision medicine approaches and the development of tailored interventions that address PMA during smoking cessation.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Penn State University, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Walter G",
            "initials": "WG",
            "lastname": "Dyer"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA.\nInstitute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Adam M",
            "initials": "AM",
            "lastname": "Leventhal"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Penn State University, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Young In",
            "initials": "YI",
            "lastname": "Chung"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Penn State University, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA, USA.",
            "firstname": "Stephen J",
            "initials": "SJ",
            "lastname": "Wilson"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.",
            "firstname": "Mariel S",
            "initials": "MS",
            "lastname": "Bello"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": null,
    "copyrights": "Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2025. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.",
    "doi": "10.1093/ntr/ntaf066",
    "journal": "Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco",
    "keywords": [
        "cigarette smoking",
        "psychomotor restlessness and agitation",
        "tobacco withdrawal",
        "transdiagnostic mechanism"
    ],
    "methods": "Participants (N = 778; 37.5% Female; M [SD] age = 47 years [11.2]) attended a baseline session that assessed PMA severity. Participants then attended two counterbalanced sessions (one preceded by 16-hr tobacco abstinence vs. non-abstinence) where they completed self-report questionnaires on urges to smoke, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, positive and negative affect states, and a task assessing smoking lapse behavior.",
    "publication_date": "2025-03-16",
    "pubmed_id": "40088458",
    "results": "Higher PMA at baseline was positively associated with abstinence-induced increases in urges to smoke, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, several negative affect states, cognition (in covariate-adjusted analyses), and smoking reinstatement behavior (in unadjusted, but not adjusted analyses). Trait PMA was not associated with abstinence-induced changes in positive affect states.",
    "title": "Psychomotor Restlessness And Agitation And Tobacco Withdrawal.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x788503cdbb00>"
}