{
    "abstract": "Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is a limb deformity, which can be distressing for the affected patients and the pediatric orthopedic surgeons involved. We hypothesized that the modified McFarland procedure would avoid fractures and even have a corrective effect on the affected tibia in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients. Toward this end, we evaluated the midterm results of treating congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients of Crawford Type I and II with allograft bypass combined with long-term bracing.\nThis study retrospectively evaluated 7 patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia who were treated with allograft bypass combined with long-term bracing between 2009 and 2018. The median follow-up was 7.0\u2009years (range 3.8-10.0\u2009years). The medical records and radiographs were reviewed for demographic data, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and complications.\nAt the time of the last follow-up, all allografts revealed complete consolidation in the patients' tibiae at both ends. All patients presented no functional restriction of the lower limbs and no amputation or non-union has occurred. Most of the obvious deformities of the tibia diaphysis or ankle joint were corrected. Two complications occurred that required successful revision surgery.\nIn this series of seven congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients, the allograft bypass technique showed satisfactory midterm results and validated our hypothesis. For congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients of Crawford Type I and II, this procedure combined with long-term bracing, which involves the affected leg only, can delay or possibly prevent fractures, decrease tibial malalignment, and preserve leg length.\nlevel IV.",
    "authors": [
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Orthopedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.\nUniversity of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.\nDepartment of Joint Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.",
            "firstname": "Chao",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Dong"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Orthopedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.\nUniversity of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.",
            "firstname": "Chengxiang",
            "initials": "C",
            "lastname": "Li"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Orthopedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.\nDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, St. Elisabethen Hospital, L\u00f6rrach, Germany.",
            "firstname": "Ute",
            "initials": "U",
            "lastname": "Br\u00fcckner"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Orthopedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.\nDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, St. Elisabethen Hospital, L\u00f6rrach, Germany.",
            "firstname": "Hermann",
            "initials": "H",
            "lastname": "Hellmich"
        },
        {
            "affiliation": "Pediatric Orthopedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.\nUniversity of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.",
            "firstname": "Andreas H",
            "initials": "AH",
            "lastname": "Krieg"
        }
    ],
    "conclusions": "In this series of seven congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients, the allograft bypass technique showed satisfactory midterm results and validated our hypothesis. For congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia patients of Crawford Type I and II, this procedure combined with long-term bracing, which involves the affected leg only, can delay or possibly prevent fractures, decrease tibial malalignment, and preserve leg length.",
    "copyrights": "\u00a9 The Author(s) 2024.",
    "doi": "10.1177/18632521241228168",
    "journal": "Journal of children's orthopaedics",
    "keywords": [
        "Congenital deformity",
        "McFarland",
        "allograft",
        "bypass",
        "congenital tibia dysplasia"
    ],
    "methods": null,
    "publication_date": "2024-04-03",
    "pubmed_id": "38567047\n18390485\n35841513\n18829910\n33093298\n24432086\n18148735\n10647102\n10647101\n19047720\n3083645\n30996736\n28437289\n2502341\n14814158\n28346328\n18836788\n6790551\n1960201\n16670555\n8245051\n4974844\n4906201\n123249\n21841448\n15173291\n35102104\n26546064\n10868356\n26266468\n24432075\n23325962\n31503102\n22132028\n17787010",
    "results": "At the time of the last follow-up, all allografts revealed complete consolidation in the patients' tibiae at both ends. All patients presented no functional restriction of the lower limbs and no amputation or non-union has occurred. Most of the obvious deformities of the tibia diaphysis or ankle joint were corrected. Two complications occurred that required successful revision surgery.",
    "title": "Preventing of nonunion in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia cases of Crawford Type I and II through the use of allograft bypass and a brace: Midterm findings.",
    "xml": "<Element 'PubmedArticle' at 0x78850608ab60>"
}